Halogenoalkanes

Question 1

Define nucleophile

Answer 1

Electron pair donor

Question 2

What is the hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes?

Answer 2

A substitution reaction
(nucleophilc substitution)

Halogen + hydroxide(aq) -> alcohol + halide ion

Question 3

What is nucleophilc substitution?

Answer 3

Converting primary haloalkanes into alcohols using heated aqueous NaOH (to increase rate of reaction and yield)

Question 4

What products were CFCs used for?

Answer 4

Aerosols, refrigerants and air conditioning

Question 5

Outline CFCs pros and cons

Answer 5

Pros: low reactivity, volatility and non-toxicity
Cons: causing environmental damage to the ozone layer

Question 6

What are the alternatives to CFCs?

Answer 6

Biodegradable alternatives such as hydrocarbons and HCFCs

Question 7

How are the rates of hydrolysis tested?

What do they show?

Answer 7

Aqueous silver nitrate
C-Cl is the strongest bond as it takes the longest to react in the solution (requires more energy to break the bond)
C-I is the weakest