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History > Health and the People 1-2 > Flashcards

Health and the People 1-2 Flashcards

1
Q

What was the medieval society centered around and ORDERED around

A

Religion

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2
Q

Who had the most power in the medieval society.

A

Catholic Church / Monarch

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3
Q

Fuedal system

A

King
l
Baron
l
Knight
l
Peasant

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4
Q

What percentage of people lived in the countryside

A

90%

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5
Q

What was the way people earned alot of money

A

Trade (trade of wool with europe)

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6
Q

What is the Greek idea of the 4 humours

A

When each persons 4 humours Blood, Phlem, Yellow bile, Black bile were out of balance they would become ill

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7
Q

What were peasants houses made of

A

Wattle and daub

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8
Q

How did medieval people cook

A

Open fires in their house with no chimmeny

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9
Q

Where were animals kept in medieval times at night

A

In the house

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10
Q

Describe a peasants diet

A

Pottage
Fruit and vegetables
Milk and Cheese
Fish

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11
Q

When was the Great Famine

A

1315

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12
Q

What percentage of the population died from the Great Famine

A

10%

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13
Q

What were the benefits of drinking small beer

A

The fermentation process killed bacteria and germs

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14
Q

What were middens

A

Hole in the ground where waste went

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15
Q

Cesspits were

A

Container for human waste

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16
Q

What happened to medieval springs

A

Contaminated by dead animal bodies and dumping waste into the springs

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17
Q

TOWNS

A

TOWNS

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18
Q

Why did disease spread so fast in medieval towns

A

The houses were packed so close together

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19
Q

When were people in towns getting fresh food

A

Weekly market

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20
Q

Why were the towns filled with dung and blood

A

Drovers bought in livestock to be slaughtered

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21
Q

Where were some towns getting their clean water from in the town

A

Conduits

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22
Q

What did gongfermers do

A

Remove human waste from cesspits and latrines

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23
Q

Rakers did

A

Clean the streets

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24
Q

Who didnt have to share latrines

A

The rich had private latrines

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25
Q

BLACK DEATH

A

BLACK DEATH

26
Q

When did the Black Death hit

A

1348

27
Q

How much of England did the Black Death kill

A

Half

28
Q

3 Beliefs for causes for the Black Death (not humours)

A

God punishing them
Miasma
Movement of the planets

29
Q

Responses to the Black Death

A

Pray for forgiveness so God would take disease away
Flagellants whipped themselves to prove to God they were sorry for sins
Balance the 4 humours by bloodletting
Posies of sweet smelling flowers around their house to purify the air of miasma

30
Q

Who ordered the mayor of London to clean the streets

A

King Edward III

31
Q

PUBLIC HEALTH IN MEDIEVAL TOWNS AND MONASTERIES

A

PUBLIC HEALTH IN MEDIEVAL TOWNS AND MONASTERIES

32
Q

Who lead the way of hygene

A

The Church

33
Q

Why did Cathedrals and the monestaries have clean water

A

Baptisms

34
Q

What did monastaries do to get clean water

A

Dig trenches and lay pipes

35
Q

When did the power of the Church decrease

A

15th Century

36
Q

How did towns make efforts to improve public health

A

Dung heaps and prostitutes were moved to the edge of the town (Bristol)

37
Q

When were more laws passed to improve public health (medieval)

A

1348

38
Q

What are “by laws”

A

Laws that only apply to certain areas

39
Q

EARLY MODERN BRITAIN

A

EARLY MODERN BRITAIN

40
Q

When did the population reach 6 million in Britain

A

1750

41
Q

Where did trade expand to in early modern Britain and what products did this bring

A

America and India
sugar tobacco, cotton

42
Q

How many people could vote in the early modern period

A

3%

43
Q

What invention proved science was starting to be more researched and religious power lessened

A

The microscope

43
Q

Who gained and who lost power in the early modern period

A

The Monarchy and Church lost power, parliament gained power

44
Q

What invention and when century was it made allowed mass produced books

A

Printing press, 15th century

45
Q

How often did the great plague keep re-occuring

A

Every 20 years

46
Q

When was the last (basically only) outbreak of the great plague and how many were killed in London

A

1665
15%

47
Q

What beliefs for the Great Plague still persisted

A

God
Miasma

48
Q

What happened in 1518 that was the government helping with the Great Plague

A

Houses infected with the plague had to be isolated

49
Q

What happened in 1578 that was the government helping with the Great Plague

A

Elizabeth instituted the plague orders for example burning clothes of plague victims

50
Q

What happened in 1604 that was the government helping with the Great Plague

A

Plague act has harsher punishements for breaking isolation laws

51
Q

What did York do to help combat the plague

A

In 1550 appoint watchmen to make sure plague victims can’t enter the city

52
Q

When did towns make pest houses to house plague victims century

A

1600s

53
Q

How did living conditions differ from the Medieval period

A

Rich can afford varied diets coffee, sugar
Houses made of stone or brick
Fresh water piped into rich’s homes
Flushing toilet invented in 1596

54
Q

How did living conditions stay the same

A

Diet of poor was unchanged and famine was still a danger
Most people still got water from contaminated conduits
Cesspits still used which overflowed

55
Q

How did the local government (York) help with public health

A

Fines for throwing human waste into the street
Pigs not allowed to wander streets
Can’t build privy over main stream

56
Q

Which decade did the gin craze start

A

1720s

57
Q

Name all of the years of the unsucessful gin acts, what did they do

A

1729, 1736, 1743 taxes and licenses

58
Q

When was the successful gin act

A

1751

59
Q

What punishments for not having licenses or paying taxes or having a license did the successful gin act have

A

Whipping, transportation to australia

60
Q
A

History (11 decks)

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