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From Flashcardlet > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

0
Q

Great vessels

A

Arteries and veins leaving the heart

e.g. aorta, superior/inferior vena cava

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1
Q

Pulmonary

A

Right chambers of the heart
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins

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2
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Left chambers of heart

Blood vessels to peripheral organs and tissues of body

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3
Q

Heart

A

Base posterior superior (left atrium)

Apex, inferior tip

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4
Q

Pericardium

A 
Contains the heart
Double layered fibrous sac
Restricts heart from moving in thoracic cavity 
Fibrous pericardium
Serous pericardium
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5
Q

arterioles

A

smaller branches of arteries

arteries, arterioles, capillaries

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6
Q

venules

A

smaller branches of veins

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7
Q

blood pressure

A

alternate cycles of heart wall contraction and relaxation

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8
Q

serous pericardium

A

double layered
parietal layer lines internal surface of fibrous layer
visceral layer fused to the outer surface of heart (epicardium)

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9
Q

fibrous pericardium

A

outermost portion of pericardium

tough, dense connective tissue

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10
Q

pericardial cavity

A

thin potential space b/n parietal and visceral layers of serous membranes

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11
Q

pulses paradoxus

A

loss of pulse during inhalation

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12
Q

cardiac tamponade

A

may be caused by infection, bleeding in the pericardial cavity
collapse of right side of heart, venous side
the pericardium is so inflamed that it prevents movement of the heart disabling its ability to pump adequate amounts of blood -> heart failure, death
characteristics: pulses paradoxus, jugular vein distention, falling blood pressure

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13
Q

pericarditis

A

caused typically by bacteria, virus, or fungi
inflammation of the pericardium-> causes capillary permeability-> capillaries become leaky-> pericardial cavity fills with fluid and pus->,may lead to cardiac tamponade
symptoms: fever and chest pain( piercing), shortness of breath, weakness

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14
Q

jugular vein distention

A

JVD

bulging of the external jugular vein

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15
Q

friction rub

A

diagnostic for pericarditis; decipher b/n myocardial infarction and pericarditis
listening for crackling or scraping of serous membranes with a stethoscope

17
Q

sepsis

A

bacteria that produce organ damaging toxins

18
Q

epicardium

A

outermost layer of heart
also visceral layer of serous pericardium
with age fat is deposited in this layer

19
Q

myocardium

A

thickest heart layer

where heart attacks happen (myocardial infarctions)

20
Q

endocardium

A

internal surface of heart; external surface of heart valves

contiguous with the endothelium

21
Q

endothelium

A

inner lining of the blood vessels

22
Q

auricle

A

wrinkled, flap-like extension of anterior of atria

23
Q

fibrous skeleton

A

b/n chambers

  • separates atria and ventricles
  • anchors heart valves ; forms supportive rings at their attachment points
  • electrical insulation; prevents all chambers from pumping at the same time; stops electrical impulse
  • framework for attachment of cardiac muscle tissue
24
Q

right atrium

A

receives blood from
superior/inf. vena cava
coronary sinus

25
Q

interatrial wall

A

wall b/n atria

26
Q

fossa ovalis

A

oval depression in interatrial wall

27
Q

foramen ovale

A

opening that allowed passage of blood from right atria to left during fetal life

28
Q

interventricular septum

A

thick wall b/n ventricles

29
Q

trabeculae carneae

A

large smooth irregular muscular ridges on the internal wall surface of ventricles
-no association with valves, just pumping

30
Q

papillary muscle

A

cone shaped muscular projections which anchor chordinae tendinae

31
Q

chorine tendinae

A

attach to cusps of valve and prevent valve from flipping and everting when right ventricle contracts

From Flashcardlet (13 decks)

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