heart

Question 1

Mediastinum

Answer 1

Where heart is located.

region extending from the sternum to the vertebral column, the first rib and between the lungs.

Question 2

Mediastinum apex

Answer 2

at tip of left ventricle

Question 3

Mediastinum base

Answer 3

is posterior to surface

Question 4

Mediastinum anterior surface

Answer 4

deep to sternum and ribs

Question 5

Mediastinum Inferior surface

Answer 5

between apex and right border

Question 6

Mediastinum right boarder

Answer 6

faces right lung

Question 7

Mediastinum left border

Answer 7

faces left lung

Question 8

Pericardium

Answer 8

membrane surrounding and protecting the heart

confines while still allowing free movement

Question 9

Pericardium 2 main parts

Answer 9

• fibrous pericardium

- serious pericardium

Question 10

fibrous pericardium

Answer 10

-tough
`inelastic
-dense irrregular connective tissue
-prevents overstretching, protection, and anchorage

Question 11

serious pericardium

Answer 11

thinner, more delicate membrane
-double layer
!. parietal layer fused to fibrous
2. visceral layer=epicardium

Question 12

Pericardium fluid

Answer 12

reduces friction

-secreted into pericardial cavity

Question 13

Layer of the heart wall

Answer 13

-epicardium
myocardium
-endocardium

Question 14

epicardium

Answer 14

external layer

• visceral layer of serous pericardium
• smooth, slippery texture to outermost surface

Question 15

myocardium

Answer 15

95% of heart is cardiac muscle

Question 16

endocardium

Answer 16

inner layer

-smooth lining for chambers of heart, valves and continuous with lining of large blood vessels

Question 17

Number of chambers in heart

Answer 17

4

Question 18

Atria

Answer 18

• 2
• receiving chambers
• auricles increase capacity

Question 19

Ventricles

Answer 19

• 2

- pumping chambers

Question 20

Sulci

Answer 20

grooves

• contain coronary blood vessels
• coronary sulcus
• anterior interventrivular sulcus
• posterior interventrivular sulcus

Question 21

Right atrium

Answer 21

receives deoxygenated blood from body

• superior vena cava
• inferior vena cava
• coronary sinus

Question 22

right atrium details

Answer 22

• interatrial spetum has fossa ovalis
  
  • remnant of formanen ovale
• blood passes through tricuspid value(right atrioventricular valve) into right ventricle

Question 23

left atrium

Answer 23

recieves oxygenated blood from lungs

Question 24

right ventricle

Answer 24

recieves deoxygenated blood from right atrium and sends it to lungs

Question 25

left ventricle

Answer 25

recieves oxygenated blood from left atrium and sends it to body

Question 26

right ventricle deatils

Answer 26

• forms anterior sruface of heart
• tricuspid valve connected to chordate tendinae connected to papillary muscles
• interventricular septum

Question 27

right ventricle: trabeculae carneae

Answer 27

ridges formed by raised bundles of cardiac muscle fiber

-part of conduction system of heart

Question 28

right ventricle blood flow

Answer 28

through pulminary semilunar value into pulmonary trunk and then right and left pulminary arteries

Question 29

left atrium details

Answer 29

• about same thickness as right atrium
• recieves blood from lungs thorugh pulminary veins
• passes through bicuspid/mitral/left artioventricular valve into left ventrice

Question 30

Left Ventricle details

Answer 30

• thickest chamber of heart
• forms apex
• chordae tendinae attached to papillary muscles

Question 31

Left Ventricle blood flow

Answer 31

blood passes through arotic semilunar valve into ascending aorta
-some blood flows into coronary artiers, remainder of body

Question 32

Left Ventricle fetal

Answer 32

during fetal life ducus arteriosus shunts blood from pulmonary trunk to aorta( lung bypass)
-closes after birth with remnant called ligamentum arteriosum

Question 33

Myocardial thickness

Answer 33

• thin walled atria deliver blood under less pressure to ventricles
• right ventricle: shorter distance, lower pressure, less resistance
• left ventricle: longer distance, higher pressure, more resistance
• left ventricle works harder to maintain same rate of blood flow as right ventricle