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Hem-Onc > Hem-Onc - Anti-Platelet > Flashcards

Hem-Onc - Anti-Platelet Flashcards

1
Q

Aspirin (ASA): Mech

A

Irreversibly inhibits COX (Cox-1 and COX-2) enzyme by covalent acetylation.
Platelets cannot synthesize new enzyme, so effect lasts until new platelets are produced
Increases Bleeding Time, Decreases TXA2 and prostaglandins.
No effect on PT or PTT

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2
Q

Aspirin: uses

A

Antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet (decreases aggregation)

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3
Q

Aspirin: tox

A

Gastric ulceration, tinnitus (CN VIII).
Chronic use can lead to acute renal failure, interstitial nephritis, and upper GI bleeding. Reye syndrome in children with viral infection. Overdose causes respiratory alkalosis initially, which is then superimposed by metabolic acidosis.
Fevers often occur after ASA overdose (because uncoupling agent - increased perm of mitochondrial membrane, decreased proton gradient, increased O2 consumption –> produces heat

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4
Q

ADP Receptor Inhibitors:

A

Clopidrogrel, Ticlopidine, Rasugrel, Ticagrelor

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5
Q

Clopidogrel: mech

A

Inhibit platelet aggregation by irreversibly blocking ADP receptors. Inhibits fibrinogen binding by preventing glycoprotein IIb/IIIa from binding fibrinogen.

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6
Q

Clopidogrel: uses

A

Acute coronary syndrome; coronary stenting.

Decreased incidence or recurrence of thrombotic stroke.

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7
Q

Clopidogrel: tox

A

TTP/HUS may be seen

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8
Q

Ticlopidine: mech

A

Inhibit platelet aggregation by irreversibly blocking ADP receptors. Inhibit fibrinogen binding by preventing glycoprotein IIb/IIIa from binding to fibrinogen

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9
Q

Ticlopidine: uses

A

Acute coronary syndrome; coronary stenting.

Decreased incidence or recurrence of thrombotic stroke.

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10
Q

Ticlopidine: tox

A

Neutropenia (ticlopidine). TTP/HUS may be seen

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11
Q

Prasugrel: mech

A

Inhibit platelet aggregation by irreversibly blocking ADP receptors. Inhibit fibrinogen binding by preventing glycoprotein IIb/IIIa from binding to fibrinogen.

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12
Q

Prasugrel: uses

A

Acute coronary syndrome; coronary stenting.

Decreased incidence or recurrence of thrombotic stroke.

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13
Q

Prasugrel: tox

A

TTP/HUS may be seen

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14
Q

Ticagrelor: mech

A

Inhibit platelet aggregation by irreversibly blocking ADP receptors. Inhibit fibrinogen binding by preventing glycoprotein IIb/IIIa from binding fibrinogen.

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15
Q

Ticagrelor: uses

A

Acute coronary syndrome; coronary stenting.

Decreased incidence or recurrence of thrombotic stroke.

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16
Q

Ticagrelor: tox

A

TTP/HUS may be seen.

17
Q

Ticagrelor: tox

A

TTP/HUS may be seen.

18
Q

Cilostazol: mech

A

Phosphodiesterase III inhibitor; Increases cAMP in platelets, thus inhibiting platelet aggregation
Vasodilator

19
Q

Cilostazol: uses

A

Intermittent claudication, coronary vasodilation, prevention of stroke or TIAs (combined with aspirin), angina prophylaxis

20
Q

Cilostazol: tox

A

Nausea, HA, facial flushing, hyoptension, abdominal pain

21
Q

Dipyridamole: mech

A

Phosphodiesterase III inhibitor; increases cAMP in platelets, thus inhibiting platelet aggregation
Vasodilator

22
Q

Dipyrimadole: use

A

Intermittent claudication, coronary vasospasm, prevention of stroke or TIAs (combined with aspirin), angina prophylaxis

23
Q

Dipyridamole: tox

A

Nausea, HA, facial flushing, hypotension, abdominal pain

24
Q

GP IIa/IIb Inhibitors:

A

Abciximab, Eptifibatide, Tirofiban

25
Q

Abciximab: mech

A

Binds to the glycoprotein receptor IIb/IIIa on activated platelets, preventing aggregation.
Abciximab is made from monoclonal antibody Fab fragments

26
Q

Abciximab: uses

A

Unstable angina, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

27
Q

Abciximab: tox

A

bleeding, thrombocytopenia

28
Q

Eptifibatide: mech

A

Bind to glycoprotein receptor IIa/IIIb on activated platelets, preventing aggregation.

29
Q

Eptifibatide: uses

A

Unstable angina, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

30
Q

Eptifibatide: tox

A

bleeding, thrombocytopenia

31
Q

Tirofiban: mech

A

binds glycoprotein receptor IIa/IIIb on activated platelets, preventing aggregation

32
Q

Tirofiban: uses

A

Unstable angina, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

33
Q

Tirofiban: tox

A

bleeding, thrombocytopenia

Hem-Onc (9 decks)

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