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history > henry VIII- wolsey > Flashcards

henry VIII- wolsey Flashcards

1
Q

who were the three main powers in europe?

A

england - henry VIII
France - francis I
Holy Roman Empire/ spain - Charles V

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2
Q

what was the pope in charge of?

A

the roman catholic church

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3
Q

what was the Archbishop of canterbury in charge of?

A

Church of england

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4
Q

features of catholic churches

A

highly decorated
statues, vestments, altars
services in latin

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5
Q

what was transubstantiation

A

bread and wine transform into body and blood of christ

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6
Q

what is the privy council

A

henrys advisors - excluding wolsey

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7
Q

what did the court include

A

henrys friends and advisors
and nobles (60-70) who expected to be listened to

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8
Q

all of wolseys roles and dates

A

Royal almoner 1510
archbishop of york 1514
cardinal 1515
lord chancellor 1515

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9
Q

wolseys personality and background

A

butchers son
intelligent and hardworking
very loyal
charming and persuasive

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10
Q

what was the issue of enclosures?

A

land owners closing off commonland for grazing their sheep - poor moving elsewhere to locate land

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11
Q

what was wolsey’s reform to enclosures?

A

wolsey tried to support the peasantry
in 1517 - 260 land owners taken to court

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12
Q

domestic result of enclosures

A

failed to reduce unemployment
failed to support either group

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13
Q

what was the issue of finances?

A

cant find money for war
tax number fixed so didn’t assess peoples income
ordinary income not enough for war

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14
Q

what was ordinary income

A

rents paid from land owned by the king

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15
Q

what was wolsey’s reform to finances

A

increased income from rents 1515
new subsidies based on real income of taxpayers

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16
Q

what was the result of finances?

A

collected more money but not enough
forced to sell land - ordinary income down

17
Q

what was the issue of justice?

A

hard for poor to take cases to court - expensive
more likely to face ill treatment
rich bribed people - corrupt

18
Q

what was wolsey’s reform to justice?

A

1516 made reforms to punish corruption
e.g earl of northumberland went to jail for not following court orders
acted as judge in court star chamber

19
Q

what was the result of reforms to justice?

A

still unsatisfied with court results
gained wealthy enemies

20
Q

what was the issue that lead to amicable grant

A

lack of finance to fight foreign wars

21
Q

what was the amicable grant?

A

not a tax but a gift donation
hope people will do good for their country

22
Q

what was the domestic result of the amicable grant

A

DEEPLY UNPOPULAR
led to 4000 rebels in east anglia
cant invade france anymore

23
Q

what was the reason behind the eltham ordinances

A

cost to run royal household too high
500 meals 2x a day

24
Q

what were the eltham ordinances

A

1519 + 1526
suggest cutting number of courtiers

25
Q

domestic result of eltham ordinances

A

never conduct any changes
too busy with annulment
no money saved

26
Q

when was the treaty of london

A

1518

27
Q

what did the treaty of london entail

A

perpetual peace in europe
meeting of the powers

28
Q

result of treaty of london

A

henry gains most - took place in london
makes wolsey look powerful (does not last - conflict later)

29
Q

when was the field of the cloth of gold

A

1520

30
Q

what was the field of the cloth of gold

A

wolsey organises meeting in calais between francis and henry
large + expensive
try to achieve peace

31
Q

what was the alliance with spain

A

england and spain make alliance to defeat france (1521)
england invades france (1523)
charles backs out but henry continues
1525- amicable grant failed and forced to retreat
battle of pavia= charles beats france

32
Q

catherine’s marriage to henry

A

married in 1509
previously married to his brother arthur
had daughter, mary, in 1516

33
Q

reasons for the annulment

A

interest in anne
lack of male heir
leviticus

34
Q

how did catherine react to the annulment?

A

refused to accept it
asked her nephew (charlves V) for help
made personal plea to henry in blackfriars trial 1529

35
Q

anne boleyn personality

A

educated and quick witted

36
Q

when did henry fall in love with anne?

A

1526 falls in love but she refuses to become mistress
1527 asks for annulment

37
Q

what was the blackfriars trial

A

court that decided if henrys marriage to catherine was valid
held by cardinal campeggio

38
Q

reasons for wolseys fall

A

pope refused annulment - cant give henry what he wants
boleyn faction - anne hated wolsey
opposition from nobles - dukes of norfolk and suffolk
henry no longer supports him

39
Q

what was wolsey charged with and when

A

praemunire
1529
died on way to trial

history (10 decks)

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