HHS and DKA

Question 1

DKA blood glucose

Answer 1

300-800

Question 2

DKA serum bicarb

Answer 2

10-15

Question 3

DKA pH

Answer 3

6.8-7.3

Question 4

DKA S&S (8)

Answer 4

Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia
Hyperventilation/kussmaul
Abd Pain
Anorexia, N/V
Fruity breath
ALOC

Question 5

DKA serum osmolality

Answer 5

300-320

Question 6

Priority DKA

Answer 6

Restore volume
Restore electrolytes
Reverse acidosis (with insulin)

Question 7

DKA onset

Answer 7

rapid

Question 8

DKA PaCO2

Answer 8

10-30

Question 9

When BG <300, use this

Answer 9

D5W

Question 10

K must be this before starting insulin

Answer 10

> 3.3

Question 11

Normal serum osmolality

Answer 11

275-295

Question 12

HHS BG

Answer 12

600-1200

Question 13

HHS Serum osmolality

Answer 13

> 350

Question 14

HHS priority management

Answer 14

fluid replacement

Question 15

HHS ketones

Answer 15

absent or minimal

Question 16

HHS S&S

Answer 16

Focal neuro deficits and hallucinations
ALOC
Dehydration
Tachycardia

Question 17

Type 2

Answer 17

HHS

Question 18

Type 1

Answer 18

DKA

Question 19

HHS Onset

Answer 19

gradual

Question 20

insulin drip decreased when the blood sugar reaches 250-300 mg/dL

Answer 20

to prevent development of cerebral edema, which can be promoted by rapid declines in glucose levels

Question 21

Name 3 major differences between HHS & DKA

Answer 21

1. HHS has higher osmolarity
2. HHS has higher serum glucose
3. HHS dehydration with little to no ketoacidosis