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MTLAWS FINALS > histo > Flashcards

histo Flashcards

1
Q

Specialized type of LOOSE connective tissue

A

Blood

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2
Q

Location of blood

A

Within blood vessels

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3
Q

3 FORMED ELEMENTS

A

Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, Platelets

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4
Q

% of total body weight (blood)

A

8%

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5
Q

oxygenated (Arterial blood)

A

Light Red

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6
Q

unoxygenated (Venous blood)

A

Dark red

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7
Q

Ph of blood

A

7.4

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8
Q

% of plasma in blood

A

55

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9
Q

Composition of plasma

A

Water - 92%
Proteins - 7%
Other solutes - 1%

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10
Q

Other solutes in plasma

A

Electrolytes, Nutrients, Respiratory Gases, Waste Products

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11
Q

Types of proteins

A

Albumins, Globulins, Fibrinogen

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12
Q

Buffy coat composition

A

1% of whole blood
Platelets and Leukocytes

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13
Q

Types of Leukocytes

A

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

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14
Q

Functions of blood

A
  1. Respiration
  2. Nutrition
  3. Excretory
  4. Protection
  5. Regulatory
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15
Q

Transparent, yellowish fluid

A

plasma

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16
Q

most abundant, smallest plasma protein; maintain osmotic pressure

A

ALBUMIN

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17
Q

largest plasma protein; polymerizes during formation of clot into fibrin fibers

A

Fibrinogen

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18
Q

transport proteins

A

Alpha & Beta

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19
Q

immunoglobulins (antibodies); synthesized by Plasma cells

A

Gamma

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20
Q

3 layers:

A

Plasma, buffy Coat, RBC

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21
Q

Straw-colored fluid (pale yellow)

A

Serum

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22
Q

(Centrifuge)
The red blood cells (RBC’s) are ______ and move to the

A

Denser, Bottom of the tube

23
Q

(Centrifuge)

The plasma fraction is the _________ and will float as the

A

less dense, Top layer

24
Q

production of the formed elements of blood

A

HEMOPOIESIS

25
Q

Derived from progenitor cells called

A

Stem Cells

26
Q

separates out blood components by their various densities.

A

Centrifuge

27
Q

tissues where hemopoiesis takes place

A

Hemopoietic Tissues

28
Q

increases surface area to carry respiratory gases

A

Biconcave Discs

29
Q

protein with oxygen-carrying capacity fills the cytoplasm

A

Hemoglobin

30
Q

Most numerous cells in the blood

A

RBC

31
Q

size of RBC

A

● Diameter 7.5 μm
● Thickness at rim 2.6 μm
● Thickness at center 0.75 μm

32
Q

lifespan of rbc

A

120 days

33
Q

binds to actin filaments

A

Spectrin

34
Q

anchors spectrin to ion channel proteins

A

Ankyrin

35
Q

Low oxygen levels detected by the kidneys

A

erythropoiesis

36
Q

hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the bone marrow to
produce RBCs

A

Erythropoietin

37
Q

RBCs become sphere shaped rather than biconcave

A

spherocytosis

38
Q

Defective spectrin, ankyrin, band 3 proteins due to

A

mutations in genes

39
Q

erythrocyte volume (RBC COUNT)

A

Hematocrit

40
Q

(RBC) High levels

A

Polycythemia

41
Q

(WBC) Low levels

A

Anemia

42
Q

Leukocytes is grouped into

A

a. Granulocytes
b. Agranulocytes

43
Q

➢ All WBCs become _______ after leaving the blood to enter tissues

A

Active

44
Q

Shape of leukocytes
(become amoeboid and motile upon invading tissues)

A

spherical

45
Q

Contain cytoplasmic granules
Have polymorphic nuclei

A

Granulocytes

46
Q

Types of Granules

A

AZUROPHILIC GRANULES
SPECIFIC GRANULES

47
Q

➔ Binds to Azure dye
➔ aka Primary granules

A

Azurophilic Granules

48
Q

→ smaller granules containing proteins and enzymes
➔ Binds to neutral, basic, and acidic dyes, resulting to different colors of granules after staining
➔ aka Secondary granules

A

SPECIFIC GRANULES

49
Q

NO specific granules, but have few azurophilic granules

A

Agranulocytes

50
Q

Cells of agranulocytes

A
  1. Lymphocytes
  2. Monocytes
51
Q

Membrane-bound cell fragments; size: 2-4 μm

A

Platelets

52
Q

Produced by fragmentation of

A

Megakaryocytes

53
Q

arrest of bleeding after injury to blood vessel

A

Hemostasis

MTLAWS FINALS (3 decks)

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