historical view of nature and science

Question 1

branch of philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge in philosophical inquiry

Answer 1

epistemology

Question 2

2 philosophical foundations of science

Answer 2

rationalism
empiricism

Question 3

first used by conte, emerged as a dominant view of modern science

view that every rationally justifiable assertion can be scientifically verified

Answer 3

positivism

Question 4

states that empirical knowledge was arranged in different pattern at a given time and in a given time and in a given culture and that humans were emerging as part of the study

Answer 4

faucault

Question 5

stated that scientists seeking to understand the social world could not know an external world independent of own life experiences

Answer 5

phenomenology of the social world

Question 6

reduces observations to the meanings of phenomena independent to their particular context. It focuses on lived meaning of phenomena independent to their particular context.

Answer 6

phenomenological approach

Question 7

set forth an epistimology that theories play a significant role in what a scientist observes

Answer 7

brown (1977)

Question 8

proposed that a scientist is able to perceive forceful intrusions from the environment that challenge the a priori mindset, raising questions regarding current theological perspective

Answer 8

gale (1979)

Question 9

3 different views of the relationship between theories and observations

Answer 9

1. scientist may perceive observers of occurrences in the empirical world. Objective data are truth waiting to be discovered
2. theory structures what is pervceived in the empirical world
3. presupposed theories and observable data interact with scientific investigation

Question 10

science progresses from a pre science then to a normal science then to crisis then back to normal science

fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions

Answer 10

paradigm shift