History of PH Theater

Question 1

How long did the Spanish colonial period last?

Answer 1

The Spanish colonial period lasted from 1565, when Legaspu arrived in Cebu, to 1898, when Aguinaldo declared Philippine Independence in Kawit, Cavite.

Question 2

refers to the merging of the Catholic religion and the Spanish way of life with the indigenous culture

Answer 2

lowland folk culture

Question 3

dramatic forms introduced or influenced by Spain (5)

Answer 3

komedya, playlets, sinakulo, sarswela, drama

Question 4

more commonly known now as “plays”

Answer 4

komedya

Question 5

In what form did the first komedya appear in the Philippines?

Answer 5

The local komedya first appeared in Latin and Spanish in Cebu in 1598.

Question 6

progression of komedya from 18th to 19th century

Answer 6

depicting conflicts in distant medieval European kingdoms –> institution in Manila theaters

Question 7

[T or F] The komedya lost popularity among rural audiences after World War II.

Answer 7

F; The komedya still attracted rural audiences until after World War II.

Question 8

[T or F] In komedya, music is used only as instrumental (no singing).

Answer 8

T

Question 9

A play written in verse (usually octosyllabic or decasyllabic quatrains), which uses conventions of the marcha for exits and entrances, batalla or choreographed fighting, and magia or magical effects

Answer 9

komedya

Question 10

2 types of komedya

Answer 10

komedya de santo, moro-moro

Question 11

the type of komedya that centers on the lives of patron saints

Answer 11

komedya de santo

Question 12

the type of komedya that is more secular in nature; may highlight the epic battles between Christian kingdoms in medieval Europe (Christian vs. Moors)

Answer 12

moro-moro

Question 13

[T or F] The komedya de santo may derive its stories from the awit and korido (metrical romances)

Answer 13

T

Question 14

[T or F] In the decades after World War II, the komedya began to be influenced as well by the movies and popular magazines.

Answer 14

T

Question 15

dramatic form supported by the community to celebrate the feasts of barrio patron saints

Answer 15

komedya

Question 16

dramatic form where the cast is composed mostly of barrio youths who participate in fulfillment of personal religious vows

Answer 16

komedya

Question 17

In komedya, what respective colors represent the Christians and the Moors?

Answer 17

black and red

Question 18

[T or F] The traditional komedya propounds the belief that all Christians, by virtue of their baptism, are inferior to Moors.

Answer 18

F; inferior –> superior

Question 19

[T or F] The traditional komedya propounds the belief that Europeans are a race superior to all others because the Christians are Europeans.

Answer 19

T

Question 20

[T or F] The traditional komedya propounds the belief that authority is hierarchical, that authority must be followed at all costs, and that obedience, humility, perseverance, and suffering are the hallmarks of a good Christian subject.

Answer 20

T

Question 21

dramatic form composed of different small plays

Answer 21

playlets

Question 22

dramatic form that revolves around the important seasons of Christmas and Lent, as well as the feast of barrio or town patron saints

Answer 22

playlets

Question 23

In the past, a play on the __________ used to be performed in the Rizal province, and would depict the beheading of the innocents by Herod’s soldiers. Today, it has become a parade of _____________ followed by men giving out animal-shaped rice cakes.

Answer 23

niños innocentes ; higante

Question 24

In the 19th century, the most important playlet staged to honor a patron saint was the _________, performed by rural folk on the street.

Answer 24

moros y christianos

Question 25

The playlets play an important social function:

Answer 25

Since they involve all classes and sectors of the barrio or town, they effectively reaffirm the values and beliefs ahared hy the community and thereby strengthen the individual’s commitment to society.

Question 26

[T or F] The playlets flourish to our day because of the support of individuals, civic organizations, and even local government.

Answer 26

T

Question 27

[T or F] Participation in and sponsorship of playlets are believed to be efficacious in conciliating and persuading Christian deities to grant personal wishes.

Answer 27

T

Question 28

a dramatic form that began as a dramatization of the events depicted int he first pasyon, the Mahal na Passion by Gaspar Aquino de Belen

Answer 28

Sinakulo

Question 29

[T or F] By the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, the sinakulo became a formal play with sets and costumes, performed by travelling commercial troupes.

Answer 29

T

Question 30

a play written in verse (octosyllabic quintillas) or in prose, which rramatizes the history of salvation—from the creation of the world to the Assumption and Coronation of the Virgin Mary in heaven, paying special attention to the life, sufferings and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Answer 30

Sinakulo

Question 31

other names for the passion play

Answer 31

tanggal (deposition), pasion y muerte (passion and death)

Question 32

The sinakulo orihinal uses the popular _________ as its basic text.

Answer 32

Pasyong Genesis

Question 33

[T or F] With modern staging techniques, the sinakulo has also started pushing for progressing ideologies.

Answer 33

F; Even when they use modern staging techniques, most contemporary sinakulo continue to propagate values of passivity and blind obedience by making Christ the model of subservience.

Question 34

was introduced to Manila with a performance od Jugar con fuego by the troupe od Dario Cespedes

Answer 34

sarswela

Question 35

“enlughtened” dramatic form

Answer 35

sarswela

Question 36

[T or F] The sarswela’s popularity dwindled in the years from 1900 to 1940 since its themes are detached from the current happenings then.

Answer 36

F; The sarswela thrived from 1900 to 1940 because of mass support and elite sponsorship, and because of its portrayal of familiar characters, conditions, and concerns.

Question 37

[T or F] With the rise of bodabil and the movies in the pre-World War II era, the sarswela slowly migrated from stage to screen.

Answer 37

T

Question 38

a dramatic form where everything is sung (like in an opera)

Answer 38

sarswela

Question 39

a play in prose with songs and dances, containing from one to five acts, portraying Filipino types and situations within the framework of a love story, and incorporating contemporary issues

Answer 39

sarswela