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Lecture with Librarian > Homepathic remedies > Flashcards

Homepathic remedies Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacists have gone from medication dispensers to ______________

A

healthcare providers

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2
Q

The action individuals take for themselves and their families to stay healthy and take care of minor and long term conditions, based on their knowledge and information available, and working in collaboration with health and social care professionals where
necessary
* From medication dispenser to patient care provider
* Self-care or pharmacist-assisted self-care?
* Full Spectrum of care

A

Self-care

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3
Q

Seven pillars of selfcare
-Knowledge and Health Literacy
-Mental wellbeing
-___________ activity
-Healthy Eating
-Risk Avoidance
-Good ______________
-Rational and responsible use of products and services

A

Physical
Hygiene

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4
Q

Role of the pharmacist with Self-care

-Investigate patient’s ____________
* History, observation, exam, look-up
* Differentiate ____________conditions from those requiring medical intervention

  • Advise/counsel:
  • Recommend no treatment
  • Recommend self-care therapy
  • Refer patients to other health care providers
  • TRIAGE
A

problem, self-treatable

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5
Q

You as the clinician!
* You are the first line practitioner that most people see
* You are responsible for providing sound advice
* Must refer or recommend
* _______ wisely

A

Triage

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6
Q

What is Self Care Therapeutics?

  • Independent act of preventing, diagnosing, and treating one’s illness without seeking professional advice
  • Duty/ responsibility to provide professional advice
  • _____________ self care
  • __________ self care
A

preventive, sickness

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7
Q

Self-Medication
*First level of self care

*Three categories: *
______________meds

*nutritional dietary supplements

*natural products and ___________

*Why the rise in self-medication?

*What conditions most likely to self treat?

A

nonprescription, homeopathic remedies

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8
Q

How Many and How Much?

*CHPA: 800 OTC active ingredients, 300,000 OTC medicines

*BILLIONS

A
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9
Q

Who Regulates Nonprescription Meds?

*Center for Drug Evaluation & Research… division of _______

*Judged as ________and __________ when used without a prescriber’s oversight

A

FDA, safe, effective

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10
Q

*What other characteristics do nonprescription medicines possess?

  • Low potential for ________ & misuse

*Use for ____________ cond.

*Adequately labeled

*Do not require access to HCP (healthcare provider) for safe & effective use

A

abuse, self diagnosed

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11
Q

Who Regulates Nutritional Dietary Supplements?

*Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 regulated by _____ under FOOD Safety…

*What is included?
-________, minerals, __________, amino acids

A

FDA, vitamins, herbals

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12
Q

Natural Products and Homeopathic Remedies

*High health care costs and restricted access to conventional providers
*Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)
*38% adults, $34 Billion *Self-medication of CAM
*$5 Billion in 2009 *Safety concern ?
*Top sellers: cranberry, soy, saw palmetto. Garlic, echinacea

A
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13
Q

Gallup Polls
▪Public ranking of 26 professions in terms of honesty and ethical standards
▪50% of the time since 1977, pharmacists have topped the list ▪In 2016, pharmacists ranked 2nd
▪In 2017 & 2018, pharmacists ranked 3rd—now 4th!
▪Broad knowledge of medications and willingness to share via counseling and advice

A
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14
Q

Regulations of Self-Care Products

*Regulation of Self-Care Medications
*FDA “OTC Drug Review”
*Rx to OTC switch
*Behind-the-Counter (Third Class of Drugs)

A
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15
Q

Regulatory Landmarks

*Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 *Standards for______,_______,_______ ONLY!

A

strength, quality, purity

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16
Q

1938 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDC Act)

*_________mandated due to 100 deaths…

A

Safety

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17
Q

1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment to the FDC Act
* Legend: “CAUTION: Federal law Prohibits Dispensing Without ___________”

*OTC

A

Prescription

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18
Q

*1962 Kefauver-Harris Amendment (to FD&C Act of 1938)

*Mandates drug ________

A

efficacy

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19
Q

Nonprescription Medications Today
*Approved through drug approval process OR:
*NDA safe and effective
*Reclassified from Rx to OTC
*Approved directly as OTC

*Marketed in accordance with OTC monograph for ingredient OR:

*On the market pending determination under OTC Drug Review monograph process

A
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20
Q

Questions & Factors Considered for Rx -OTC
*____________ -Can patient adequately self-diagnose the clinical abnormality?

*Self-treatable -Can the clinically abnormal condition be successfully self-treated?
*Is the self-treatment product safe and effective for consumer use under conditions of actual use?

*Misuse or _____ potential

*______ forming

*Benefits outweigh risk

*Adequate directions possible

A

self-diagnosable

Abuse

not Habit forming

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21
Q

“Drug Facts” Labeling for OTCs

*___________
*Purpose
*______
*_______
*Directions
*Other information
*Inactive ingredients

A

Active ingredients, Uses, Warnings

22
Q

“Drug Facts” box
*In the Federal Register of March 1999, FDA published OTC Drug Facts Label regulation

*Required most OTC to comply with new format & content by 2002
*New format, easier to read and understand

A
23
Q

Behind-the-Counter Medications

*Third class of drugs

*Pharmacist only medications

*___________ medications

*WHAT to consider?

A

Schedule 3

24
Q

Summary
*Role of Practitioner in Self-Care

*Understand process of regulation and reclassification

*Know the difference between the regulations and their specific year of approval

*Explain the process of Rx-OTC conversion

A
25
Q

Pharmacists are mid level practitioners…right there with physician assistants and nurse practitioners

A
26
Q

Who do you call when your not feeling good?

Based on who your comfortable with, experiences, families,friends, peers

A
27
Q

*_______________ (knowing and being able to recognize what people can and can’t diagnosis in terms of themselves or their own conditions…what is the health literacy that we are assessing whether that’s their own mental capacity but also with their own personal knowledge of the disease and condition they are dealing with…is this something I have seen before or is this something brand new…it has a larger spectrum

A

Knowledge and Health Literacy

28
Q

*____________ (what is going on with the person at any given time and do they know their conditions their own knowledge…do they know their weight, BMI, blood pressure, are they engaging in screening, are they going to get screened at a health fair)

A

Mental wellbeing

29
Q

__________(exercise like cardio by walking and recommended moderate level intensity of 150 minutes per week)

A

Physical activity

30
Q

__________ (nutritious well based meals)

A

Healthy eating

31
Q

___________(not drinking, not smoking, avoiding of drugs, wearing a helmet, practicing safe sex, wearing sunscreen, getting vaccinated)

A

Risk avoidance

32
Q

____________ (wash hands,taking frequent shower, brush teeth…this is important because bacteria, viruses, parasites lives all around us; trying to avoid flu,cold, RSV); hand sanitizer is fine but it doesn’t take everything off like soap and water)

A

Good hygiene

33
Q

________________(being aware, reading directions, using them responsibly not overusing or underusing them)

A

Rational and responsible use of products and services

34
Q

Pharmacists are the detectives…you got to figure out….got to ask questions…ask whats wrong…ask if pt has a fever

A
35
Q

________= severity or acuity…whats needs the most attention, whats most severe and then allocating and figuring out those resources and how we are going to do that

A

Triage

36
Q

Example of ________care is taking vitamins, take allergy medications preventing allergic reaction from happening, vaccines, brushing your teeth w/ toothpaste and flossing

A

preventive

37
Q

Example of___________ self care->taking Tylenol for your fever, pseudofed for stuffy nose, humidifier

A

sickness

38
Q

Why the rise in self medication? Going to doctors can be ___________, health care system doesn’t always function the way we want it to and its expensive, hard to get doctors because of access to time; trying to get an appointment and its way too far out in the year!

A

expensive

39
Q

CCSF=cough,cold,sinus, flu

A
40
Q

Who regulates nonprescription meds? Center for drug Evaluation and Research…division of _______

A

FDA

41
Q

Who regulates nutritional dietary supplements? Still under the _______ but these are considered foods, these are supplements to dietary so that’s where vitamins,minerals, herbs, amino acids..they are not regulated the way we think they are.For example pills in the glucosamine sulfate might not have 1000mg as labeled on the bottle one of them might have 600mg because there is no one to say that they need too and there is NO ONE CHECKING THEM unless your going through a lab or USP that is going to certify that your product really does have stuff in it but that cost money

A

FDA

42
Q

Safety concerns with Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)–>NOT entirely sure whats in it,may not know all of the drug interactions, what those drug interactions are with prescription meds or with marijuana

A
43
Q

Pharmacists are the first line and drug experts

A
44
Q

1906 Pure Food and Drug Act–> standards for strength,quality, purity only! NO ONE SAID IT HAD TO BE SAFE AND EFFECTIVE IT WASN’T REQUIRED

A
45
Q

1938 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDC act)
-Safety mandated due to 100 deaths

A
46
Q

1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment to FDC Act
(Gave us two categories prescription and over the counter. Prescription aka legend that’s another word for saying prescription)

*Legend: “Caution: Federal law prohibits dispensing without Prescription”
* OTC
(still only concerned with safety )

A
47
Q

1962 Kefauver-Harris Amendment (to FD and C Act of 1938)
-Mandates drug efficacy
(There were a ton of products grandfathered in and never really tested; most recent one known NOT to be effected is phenylephrine(decongestant);
robitussin DM doesn’t work either

A
48
Q

Why would a company or manufacturer request something go over the counter?

________…available to more people and more people can buy it the more money the manufacturer can make …this happens when products are coming off patent because once its off patent it goes generic they are losing money so if they can make it over the counter then they can still keep making money and these were some of the first ones that made that switch

A

Money

49
Q

Antihistamines, Claritin, Allegra, Zyrtec,nicotine replacement therapy that was prescription before now available over the counter

Omprazole,proton pump inhibitors…differin, narcon, voltaren is now over the counter

Oral contraceptives, Plan B is over the counter now

A
50
Q

Behind the counter medications–> get through pharmacist to buy these medications

Why is pseudoephedrine behind the pharmacy? BECAUSE ITS USED TO MAKE METH
Syringes,needles are also behind the counter

A
51
Q

QuEST

Qu-Quickly and accurately assess the pt
E- ___________ that the pt is an appropriate self-care candidate
S-_______appropriate self-care strategies
T-Talk with the pt

A

Establish, Suggest

52
Q

Scholar Process
_______-What are the main and associated symptoms
__________-What are the symptoms like?
History-What has been done so far?, Has this happened in the past?
___________-when did it start?
__________-where is the problem?
Aggravating factors-what makes it worse?
Remitting factors-What makes it better

A

Symptoms, Characteristics, Onset, Location

Lecture with Librarian (11 decks)

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