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Honors Algebra II > Honors Algebra II Vocabulary > Flashcards

Honors Algebra II Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Arithmetic Sequence

A

a sequence in which the difference of consecutive terms is constant

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2
Q

Asymptote

A

a line that a graph approaches more and more closely

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3
Q

Change of Base Formula

A

log(c)(a) = log(b)(a) / log(b)(c)

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4
Q

Circle

A

a closed plane curve consisting of all points at a given distance from a point within it called the center. Equation: x2 + y2 = r2

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5
Q

Combined Variation

A

a situation where a variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others

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6
Q

Common Difference

A

the common difference d between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

Common Logarithm

A

a logarithm with base 10, log(10), or just log

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8
Q

Common Ratio

A

the constant ratio r between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

Completing the Square

A

to add a term c to an expression of the form x^2 + bx such that x^2 + bx + c is a perfect square trinomial

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10
Q

Complex Conjugates

A

pairs of complex numbers of the forms a + bi and a - bi, where b is not equal to 0

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11
Q

Complex Fraction

A

a fraction that contains a fraction in its numerator or denominator

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12
Q

Complex Number

A

a number written in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers

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13
Q

Composition of Functions

A

an operation that can be performed with two functions

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14
Q

Compound Inequality

A

an inequality that combines two simple inequalities

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15
Q

Conic Section

A

a figure formed by the intersection of a plane and a right circular cone

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16
Q

Consistent

A

a linear or nonlinear system of equations; when substituted into each of the equations, they make each equation hold true as an identity

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17
Q

Constant of Variation

A

the constant a in the inverse variation equation y = a / x, where a is not equal to 0

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18
Q

Continuous Relation

A

if the values belonging to the set can take on ANY value within a finite or infinite interval

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19
Q

Correlation Coefficient

A

a number r from -1 to 1 that measures how well a line fits a set of data pairs (x,y)

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20
Q

Dependent

A

the variable that depends on the value of some other number

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21
Q

Dimensions of a Matrix

A

the dimensions of a matrix with m rows and n columns are m by n

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22
Q

Direct Variation

A

a simple relationship between two variables

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23
Q

Discriminant

A

the expression b^2 - 4ac in the Quadratic Formula

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24
Q

Ellipse

A

a plane curve surrounding two focal points

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25
Q

End Behavior

A

the behavior of the graph of a function as x approaches positive/negative infinity

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26
Q

Exponential Equation

A

equation sin which variable expressions occur as exponents

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27
Q

Extraneous Solution

A

solutions that are not solutions of the original equation

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28
Q

Extremum

A

the maximum or minimum value of a function

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29
Q

Factor Theorem

A

a theorem linking factors and zeros of a polynomial

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30
Q

Finite Sequence

A

a list of terms in a specific order, has a first and last term

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31
Q

Function

A

a binary relation between two sets that associates to each element of the first set exactly one element of the second set

32
Q

Geometric Sequence

A

a sequence in which the ratio of any term to the previous term is constant

33
Q

Greatest Integer Function

A

a function that returns a constant value for each specific interval

34
Q

Growth Factor

A

the value of b in an exponential growth function of the form y = ab^x, where a > 0 and b > 1

35
Q

Hyperbola

A

a symmetrical open curve formed by the intersection of a circular cone with a plane at a smaller angle with its axis than the side of the cone

36
Q

Identity Function

A

a function that always returns the same value that was used as its argument

37
Q

Imaginary Unit

A

i; square root of -1

38
Q

Inconsistent

A

no solution

39
Q

Independent

A

variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment

40
Q

Infinite Sequence

A

a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integers

41
Q

Interval Notation

A

a way to describe continuous sets of real numbers by the numbers that bound them

42
Q

Inverse Function

A

a function that “reverses” another function

43
Q

Inverse Relation

A

the set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function

44
Q

Inverse Variation

A

two variables x and y show inverse variation when y = a / x, where a is not equal to 0

45
Q

Joint Variation

A

describes a situation where one variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly as each of them when the others are held constant

46
Q

Latus Rectum

A

a chord of a conic section (such as an ellipse) that passes through a focus and is parallel to the directrix

47
Q

Linear Programming

A

a mathematical technique for maximizing or minimizing a linear function of several variables, such as output or cost

48
Q

Logarithm

A

a quantity representing the power to which a fixed number (the base) must be raised to produce a given number

49
Q

Logistic Growth Model

A

f(x) = L / 1 + e^-k(x-x(0))

50
Q

Matrix

A

a rectangular arrangement of numbers

51
Q

nth root

A

for an integer n greater than 1, if b^n = a, then b is an nth root of a

52
Q

Natural Logarithm

A

a logarithm with base e, log(e), ln

53
Q

Negative Exponent

A

how many times to divide by the number

54
Q

Parabola

A

the graph of a quadratic function

55
Q

Parent Function

A

the simplest function of a family of functions that preserves the definition of the entire family

56
Q

Piece-wise Defined Function

A

a function defined by multiple sub-functions, where each sub-function applies to a different interval in the domain

57
Q

Point-slope Form

A

y - y(1) = m(x-x(1))

58
Q

Quadratic Function

A

a function of degree two

59
Q

Radicand

A

the thing we are finding the root of

60
Q

Rate of Change

A

is the speed at which a variable changes over a specific period of time

61
Q

Rational Exponent

A

an exponent that is a fraction

62
Q

Rational Function

A

a function that is the ratio of two polynomials

63
Q

Rationalizing the Denominator

A

to eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots

64
Q

Recursive Formula

A

a formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding term(s)

65
Q

Regression Line

A

a line that best describes the behavior of a set of data

66
Q

Relative Maximum

A

a point where the function changes direction from increasing to decreasing (making that point a “peak” in the graph)

67
Q

Relative Minimum

A

the lowest point in a particular section of a graph

68
Q

Root

A

where a function equals 0

69
Q

Scatter Plot

A

a graph in which the values of two variables are plotted along two axes, the pattern of the resulting points revealing any correlation present

70
Q

Sequence

A

a list of numbers or objects in a special order

71
Q

Set-builder Notation

A

a mathematical notation for describing a set by enumerating its elements, or stating the properties that its members must satisfy

72
Q

Step Function

A

a function that increases or decreases abruptly from one constant value to another

73
Q

Synthetic Division

A

a method for manually performing Euclidean division of polynomials, with less writing and fewer calculations than the long division

74
Q

Vertex Form

A

y = a ( x − h ) 2 + k

75
Q

Vertical Line Test

A

a method that is used to determine whether a given relation is a function or not

76
Q

Zeros

A

where a function equals the value zero

Honors Algebra II (1 decks)

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