How did the Tsar maintain control after the 1905 revolution

Question 1

what happened by 1906 with the Tsar’s position and the October manifesto

Answer 1

by 1906 the Tsar’s position strengthened and he renegaded on the promises of the October manifesto via the fundamental laws

Question 2

how did Stolypin have the perfect background for the job of re-establishing political authority

Answer 2

• during the revolutionary years, he was the governor of the Saratov province
• displayed ruthless efficiency in dealing with revolutionary outbreaks

Question 3

how many government officials were murdered during 1907 and by who

Answer 3

1200 government officials were murdered in terrorist attacks by revolutionaries

Question 4

how did Stolypin react to the amount of government officials who were murdered

Answer 4

• met terror with terror
• using field court ,articles, 1,144 death sentences were issued during 1906-1907
• he attacked the basis of revolutionary activity

Question 5

how did Stolypin attack the basis of revolutionary activity

Answer 5

• 1906-1912, 1000 newspapers ceased publications
• 600 trade unions were forced to close
• 1908-1909, Stolypins courts convicted 16,500 people of political crimes

Question 6

what was the impact of government action

Answer 6

• it was impressive
• political assassinations by revolutionaries fell to 365
• restoration of law and order was one of Stolypins greatest achievements

Question 7

what did Stolypin aim to do with Russian agriculture and why

Answer 7

he wanted to modernise Russian agriculture to produce higher yields and to create a more prosperous class of peasants who would become loyal to the Tsarist regime

Question 8

what was the law of 9th November 1906

Answer 8

• freed peasants from the control of the commune
• now to leave the commune, the peasants no longer needed permission from the majority of its peasants

Question 9

what was the reform of 15th November 1906

Answer 9

peasant land bank was instructed to give loans to peasants who wanted to leave the commune

Question 10

what was the reform of New Year’s Day 1907

Answer 10

redemption payments were abolished

Question 11

what was the reform in June 1910

Answer 11

it dissolved all those communes where no redistribution of land had taken place since the emancipation of the serfs in 1861

Question 12

what did Stolypin encourage the peasants to do

Answer 12

to move to the undeveloped agricultural areas of Siberia with the incentive of cheap land financed by government loans

Question 13

what was the positive impact of stolypin’s reforms

Answer 13

• 1905, 20% of peasants had ownership over their own land, but in 1915 it rose to 50%
• agricultural production rose from 46 million tonnes in 1906 to 62million tonnes in 1913

Question 14

what was the negative impact of stolypin’s reforms

Answer 14

• Russian agriculture was severely disrupted by WW1
• little was done to improving the living and working conditions of Russia’s industrial workers
• many of the peasants who moved to the Siberia moved back due to the inhabitable environment

Question 15

how and where did members of the Russian assembly form a new right wing organisation

Answer 15

members of the Russian assembly gathered like minded conservative reformers in St Petersburg to form a new right wing organisation

Question 16

what were the unions conservative revolutionary squads popularly known as

Answer 16

the Black Hundreds

Question 17

what did the the Black Hundreds do

Answer 17

• carried out anti-revolutionary pogroms in October 1905
• terrorised and assassinated Jewish and socialist opponents

Question 18

who supported the union and how did it gain greater official recognition

Answer 18

• imperial authorities supported the union
• the union gained greater official recognition when they met with the Tsar