HTN, Pericardial Tamponade, Pericarditis

Question 1

elevation in BP (but less than 180/120)

Answer 1

hypertension

Question 2

BP above 180/120 w/o end organ dysfunction

Answer 2

hypertensive urgency

Question 3

BP able 180/120 w end organ dysfunction

Answer 3

hypertensive emergency

Question 4

hematuria, decreased UO

Answer 4

signs of renal damage

Question 5

chest pain/ecg changes, S3/S4 heart sounds

Answer 5

signs of cardiovascular compromise

Question 6

altered LOC/dizziness, h/a, stroke, seizures

Answer 6

signs of hypertensive encephalopathy

Question 7

retinal hemorrhage, papilledema

Answer 7

signs of retinopathy

Question 8

reduce BP w/ beta blockers or calcium channel blockers

goal is to reduce BP 15-20% over the first hr to reduce organ dysfunction

Answer 8

hypertension treatment

Question 9

inflammation of the pericardial sac caused by MI (2-3 days post MI, connective tissue disorders, renal failure, mediastinal injury, neoplasms/radiation or infectious processes)

Answer 9

pericarditis

Question 10

leathery sound auscultated w each heart beat over the apex of the heart

Answer 10

pericardial friction rub

Question 11

triad of hypotension, distended neck veins, muffled/distant heart sounds

Answer 11

becks triad

Question 12

alternating amplitude of QRS complexes

Answer 12

electrical alternans