human resources

Question 1

what is an organisational structure

Answer 1

An organisational structure is how a business organises its staff to represent the different layers of management

Question 2

what are the two main structures

Answer 2

flat and tall

Question 3

what is a hierachal/tall structure

Answer 3

A hierarchical structure has many layers of management, and businesses with this structure and has a long chain of command.
narrow span of control

Question 4

what is chain of command?

Answer 4

The route by which instructions and communications flow from the top to the bottom of a business.

Question 5

what is span of control?

Answer 5

The number of staff that a manager has management responsibility for.

Question 6

what is a flat structure?

Answer 6

A flat structure is an organisational structure with only a few layers of management.

managers have a wide span of control with more subordinates, and there is usually a short chain of command.

Question 7

what is delayering?

Answer 7

a process where a business removes layers of its management to make its structure more flat

Question 8

what is delegation?

Answer 8

a process where tasks are given to members of staff

Question 9

what are subordinates?

Answer 9

members of staff below a manager in the chain of command

Question 10

what is a centralised structure?

Answer 10

A centralised structure is where business decisions are made at the top of the business or in a head office and distributed down the chain of command

Question 11

advantages of a centralised structure?

Answer 11

consistency across the business
the business has a clear direction
operations and decisions are closely controlled and managed

Question 12

disadvantages of a centralised structure?

Answer 12

it can demotivate employees
a standardised approach may not work in all business locations
it may lower productivity

Question 13

what is a decentralised structure?

Answer 13

A decentralised approach is where a business allows decisions to be made by managers and subordinates
further down the chain.

Question 14

advantages of a decentralised?

Answer 14

improved employee motivation
allowing managers lower down the chain to make decisions to suit their local area and customers
more responsibility for employees

Question 15

disadvantages of decentralised?

Answer 15

consistency is not achieved across the business
managers can make ineffective decisions

may negatively impact sales and overall business performance, eg because of ineffective decisions by managers lower down the chain

Question 16

what is recruitment?

Answer 16

Recruitment is the process of deciding who will fulfil a specific job role. they have to have the right skills needed.

Question 17

reasons for recruitment?

Answer 17

setting up a new business
growth
employees leaving

Question 18

why do you need right employees?

Answer 18

high levels of
productivity
high quality products or customer service
staff retention

Question 19

what is a job analysis?

Answer 19

The first step of the recruitment process is job analysis. process of identifying and determining the responsibilities, requirements, and nature of a job in detail

Question 20

what is a person specification?

Answer 20

This document provides information about the type of person the business wants to hire.
includes details about the educational background, skills and experience the business wants applicants to have.

Question 21

what is a job description?

Answer 21

the main purpose is to list all of the duties that are required in the role.
include the job title, rate of pay or salary, hours of work, location of work,

Question 22

what is a CV?

Answer 22

It is a personal document that includes information about an applicant’s skills, experience, qualifications and hobbies.

Question 23

what is an application form?

Answer 23

Application forms include a series of questions for an applicant to answer, and a section for applicants to write about why they are suited for the job.

Question 24

what are the main ways of selection?

Answer 24

interview (how they do under pressure)
personality tests

Question 25

what is internal recruitment?

Answer 25

Internal recruitment is when they advertise a job within the business.
This could be as a promotion to a higher position or a transferring an employee to a different area of the business

Question 26

advantages of internal recruitment

Answer 26

applicants already have an understanding of the business and how it works

applicants already know their co-workers

promoting employees to a more senior role may increase motivation

no need for expensive advertising, recruitment and selection processes

Question 27

disadvantages of internal recruitment?

Answer 27

limited number of applicants, so the firm may miss out on a better applicant externally

the business may have to pay for training to ensure the employee has the skills needed for the job

Question 28

what is motivation?

Answer 28

Motivation determines how hard employees are willing to work for a business and how productive a business is

Question 29

two methods of motivation?

Answer 29

financial and non-financial

Question 30

what is financial motivation?

Answer 30

involves motivating employees with money and things associated with money.

Question 31

why is it good to have motivated staff?

Answer 31

higher productivity
more likely to stay with the business
high staff retention is good

Question 32

financial methods include

Answer 32

wages or salary= wages are payed weekly or monthly
salary is a fixed amount payed every month.

BONUSES= form of additional remunition

COMMISIONS= paid on top of normal wage
percentage paid to sales staff everytime they sell

Question 33

non-financial methods include

Answer 33

TRAINING- boost motivation
trained to learn new skills and have greater responsibility
more likely to stay with the business

PROMOTION- staff will feel valued and like they are dojng something right this will increase there productivety

FRINGE BENEFITS- any reward that is not part of a workers main income. (extra little perks)
eg staff discount, company car, gym membership
cost money for the business but save it for the worker

Question 34

what is induction training

Answer 34

induction training is for new staff, introduces employee to the workplace and makes them feel welcome.
introduce to fellow workers and can learn company rules
they know all the prodecures which will make them more productive
valued

Question 35

on-the-job training

Answer 35

training within the business
employee learns how to do their job by being shown how to do it
good for prsactical skills being taught

Question 36

advantage of on the job training

Answer 36

cost effective as they work and learn at the same time

Question 37

disadvantage of on the job

Answer 37

training given by colleagues so bad working practices could be passed on

Question 38

what is off-the-job-training

Answer 38

where staff learn away from their workplace

Question 39

advanatgeds of off the job

Answer 39

good for learning general information about the business
good for learning a new skill that isnt related to a specific task

Question 40

disadvantage of off the job training

Answer 40

more expensive but the training is higher quality as its taught by people who are better qualified

Question 41

benefits of training for employers

Answer 41

produce high quality goods
better customer service
more productive and efficient
increase staff retention

Question 42

benefits to employee

Answer 42

up to date with knowledge and skills
gaining new skills may mean getting promoted