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Business S4 > Human Resources > Flashcards

Human Resources Flashcards

1
Q

what is off the job training

A

training that takes place away from the normal place of work. Job is not done while training. training by a local college or specialist training company.

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2
Q

2 advantages of off the job training

A

detailed skills, training and qualifications achieved
ddoes not tie up time of other members of staff

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3
Q

2 disadvantages of off the job training

A

expensive to pay for courses/ trainers
no productivity in the business

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4
Q

what is on the job training

A

training that takes place at your usual place of work whilst carrying out the job, work shadowing/ sitting next to ‘Nellie’, coaching

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5
Q

2 advantages of on the job training

A

learning from people who already do the job
less expensive than going to college

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6
Q

2 disadvantages of on the job training

A

ties up the time of the trainer in the organisation
takes a long time to train while on the job

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7
Q

what is induction training

A

given to new employees only, basic intro to the business, health and safety procedures, tasks expected, tour of building and introduction to colleagues

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8
Q

2 advantages of induction training

A

staff get familiar with the organisations
increases confidence and staff morale

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9
Q

2 disadvantages of induction training

A

takes staff away from normal job
takes organisation to plan correctly and reduces your ‘work time’

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10
Q

what are the 6 steps in recruitment

A

identify the vacancy
carry out a job analysis
create a job description
create a person specification
advertise the job
ask for application forms to be submitted

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11
Q

what is a job advertisement

A

drawn up from the job description and person specification, informing others of the vacancy by advertising internally or externally

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12
Q

what is internal advertisement

A

advertised to current staff via emails, staff bulletins, noticeboard or intranet

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13
Q

what is external advertisement

A

advertised to anyone outside of the organisation via newspapers (local/ national) recruitment agencies, websites or job centres

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14
Q

why might you need to identify a vacany (5)

A

expansion
retirement
maternity
someone leaves
obvious shortfall of staff

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15
Q

what does a job analysis do

A

identifies tasks/ duties, skills and responsibilities of the job. Helps identify suitable candidate

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16
Q

what is a job description

A

a document that describes job that will be done including: job title, duties, salary, conditions, holidays, location and tasks

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17
Q

what is a person specification

A

describes ideal person for the post including:
qualifications (split into essential and desireable), skills, experience, qualities and interest

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18
Q

what does an application form include

A

personal details, skills, qualifications and experience

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19
Q

what is testing

A

used to confirm information given on an application form

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20
Q

3 benefits of testing

A

they will assess a particular skill/ aspect of the applicant
can see how candidates cope under pressure
can provude extra information on candidates suitability

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21
Q

what is psychometric testing

A

tests attitude and character, usually timed, multiple choice, exam conditions

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22
Q

what is aptitude testing

A

tests ability in skills- numeracy, word-processing, keyboard skills

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23
Q

what is medical testing

A

assesses applicants health and fitness- medical or physical tests required for certain jobs

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24
Q

what is intelligence testing

A

used to measure an applicants IQ- problem solving, numeracy, literacy

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25
Q

what are the 7 benefits of training

A

employee skills improve
employees are more productive
quality of work improves
more customers are attracted to the business
decreased wastage
staff are motivated
staff retention is higher

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26
Q

what are the 6 costs of training

A

expensive- especially off the job training
while training you cant do the job- loss of productivity
customers unhappy due to slow service- bad reputation
financial costs- travel costs, course fees, accomodation costs
well trained staff are able to get a pay rise- staff may leave
planning required and needs resources

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27
Q

how is word used in HR

A

create recruitment documents, job description, person specification, job advert

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28
Q

how is database used in HR

A

used to keep employee records: easy to search criteria

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29
Q

how are spreadsheets used in HR

A

gather data on HR costs, advertising and interview expenses

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30
Q

how is the internet/ websites used in HR

A

advertise a job vacancy, complete online job applications, reduce advertising costs and cost of seding application forms

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31
Q

how is email used in HR

A

to communicate changes in employee contracts, vacances and training. Communicate with previous applicants about new vacancies arising

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32
Q

how is powerpoint used in HR

A

enhances staff training presentations

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33
Q

how is video conferencing used in HR

A

used to facilitate meetingd or interviews for those that arent in the same location

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34
Q

how is social media used in HR

A

spreads company info e.g vacancies and training programmes

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35
Q

what are the 3 benefits of using website for HR

A

reduces costs for employees- cheaper to use than external recruitment agency as advertised on company website
can be seen globally- encourages a wider pool of candidates
allows online job application forms to be completed- saving time/ easy for company to access store details

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36
Q

what is the benefit of using mobile phones in HR

A

allows quick push notifications if a new vacancy arises

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37
Q

What is internal recruitment

A

When staff are recruited from within the business e.g promotions or secondments

38
Q

What are the 4 advantages of internal recruitment

A

Less expensive due to less advertising costs
Employees motivated at the chance of a promotion
Applicant skills and qualities are already known
No need to follow as many processes- non notice period or induction training

39
Q

What are the 4 disadvantages of internal recruitment

A

Lack of new ideas, skills or knowledge brought in
There may not be anyone right for the job
There will still be a job vacant to fill
Conflict in the workforce due to one member being different post over others

40
Q

What is external recruitment

A

Recruiting from outwith the company- advertise on the internet, in trade journals or with recruitment agencies

41
Q

What are 4 advantages of external recruitment

A

New employees bring new ideas, skills and knowledge
Much wider range of applicants to choose from
There is no follow in vacancy to fill
Avoids jealousy and resistance that is created when one person is promoted

42
Q

What are the 4 disadvantages of external recruitment

A

Can be expensive to advertise due to adverts for recruitment websites
Internal applicants may feel undervalued if the do not get the job
The person is not known in the business and may not be the correct person
More time consuming as there is a more thorough process to go through

43
Q

What is a reference

A

A document written by an applicants previous employer/ education to establish a character reference

44
Q

What is an interview

A

Used to check the candidate matches the person specification for the job
Notes are taken during the interview

45
Q

What is an application form

A

Sent out by the organisation to include a section for what they want to know

46
Q

What is an advantage of an application form

A

Standardised layout allows easy comparison of candidates

47
Q

What is a CV

A

Made by the candidates and allows them to layout their skills, experience and qualifications as they want

48
Q

What is an advantage of a CV

A

Company does not need to create them and send them out

49
Q

What is an interview

A

An applicant meets the employer
Could be one-to-one, a panel or group interview

50
Q

What are the 4 advantages of an interview

A

Questions assess suitability for the job
Gives a better indication of candidates personality
Allows candidates to confirm and expand on details in their application form
Interviewers can use a checklist

51
Q

What are the 4 benefits of references

A

Details about a persons experience
Their ability to carry out a job
Comment on skills and qualities
Attendance records

52
Q

What is the selection process- 7 steps

A

Ask for application forms to be submitted
Shortlists candidates from app forms
Interview
Test
Check references
Inform successful candidate
Inform unsuccessful candidate

53
Q

What are the 6 benefits of motivation

A

Staff turnover is low
Quality of product will be higher
Better customer service is provided
Reputation of the business is improved
Increase productivity
Lower absenteeism

54
Q

What are the 7 financial methods of motivation

A

Piece rate
Time rate
Commission
Flat rate
Bonus
Salary
Overtime

55
Q

What is piece rate

A

Employees are paid for the amount of work that they do e.g each item they produce

56
Q

What is an advantage of piece rate

A

More items means more wage which motivates employees

57
Q

What is a disadvantage of piece rate

A

Workers may rush resulting in products being low quality

58
Q

What is time rate

A

When the worker is rewarded for the number of hours they worked e.g £8.50 per hour

59
Q

What is an advantage of time rate

A

It is easy to calculate

60
Q

What is a disadvantage of time rate

A

Needs a system to record the number of hours each employee has worked

61
Q

What is commission

A

When employees are paid a percentage of the value of their sales

62
Q

What is an advanatage of commission

A

More sales made means the employee gets a higher wage

63
Q

What is a disadvantage of commission

A

Might put customers off if there is a hard sale

64
Q

What is flat rate

A

When employees are paid for working a set time regardless of productivity

65
Q

What is a disadvantage of flat rate

A

Conflict as motivation may vary

66
Q

What is an advantage of flat rate

A

Easy to calculate

67
Q

What is a bonus

A

Extra pay over and above normal rate of pay for meeting targets, Christmas or annual

68
Q

What is an advantage of a bonus

A

Encourages workers to work hard

69
Q

What is a salary

A

Employees receive a fixed amount per year (per annum)
It is split into 12 equal instalments

70
Q

What is overtime

A

When the employee is rewarded for working more than their contracted hours- e.g double time/ time and a half

71
Q

What are the 8 non-financial methods of motivation

A

Part time
Flexi time
Job share
Empowerment
Home working
Perks
Promotion
Tele-working
Part time

72
Q

What is flexi time

A

Working a set number of hours with the flexibility of your start and finish times

73
Q

What is job share

A

Two people share the duties and salary of one full time position

74
Q

What is empowerment

A

Sharing information, rewards and power with employees

75
Q

What is home working

A

Employees work from home or other premises away from the work place

76
Q

What are perks

A

When extra benefits are give in addition to an employees wage/ salary
E.g company car, gym membership or health insurance

77
Q

What is promotion

A

When an employee is moved up to a higher job within the company with an improved pay and benefits

78
Q

What if tele-working

A

Working from home using modern technology to keep in touch with your business. Jobs can be relocated to where it is more convenient

79
Q

What is part time

A

An employee will only work part of the working week

80
Q

What is the health and safety at work act? What are the responsibilities of the employee and employer

A

Employee
Take reasonable care of their own health and safety and the health and safety of others
Co-operate with employer on health and safety matters
Do not misuse or interfere with anything provided for employees health and safety

Employer
Ensure safe method of working
Ensure safe working conditions
Ensure all employees received information and training on health and safety
Ensure that equipment is safe and properly stored
Provide protective clothing where necessary

Established in 1974

81
Q

What is the equality act? What are the 9 protected characteristics

A

Established in 2010
Brings together different aspects of equality and the law states that people must be treated fairly regardless of the characteristics:
Age
Disability
Gender
Marital status
Pregnancy/ maternity
Religion/ belief
Sexual orientation
Race
Gender reassignment

Applies to both employees and customers

82
Q

What is the national minimum wage regulations

A

The minimum pay per hour most workers under the age of 25 are entitled to by take

83
Q

What is the national living wage regulations

A

The minimum pay per hour most workers over 25 are entitled to by law

84
Q

What are the 4 different industrial actions

A

Sit in
Work to rule
Go slow
Strike

85
Q

What is the role of trade unions

A

To protect employees rights and negotiate with employers
They also arrange industrial action

86
Q

What is a sit in

A

Employees occupy premises but no work is done

87
Q

What is work to rule

A

Only completing the tasks/ time stated in their contract and doing no extra

88
Q

What is go slow

A

Employees deliberately work slower to impact production

89
Q

What is a strike

A

Employees withdraw labour
Employees may joins picket line to protest

90
Q

What are the 4 impacts of industrial action on the employer/ organisation

A

Production stood so customer orders are not met
Deadlines are not met meaning customers are unhappy and sales are reduced
Bad publicity means it will be harder to recruit employees
It will be harder to attract applicants because employees are seen as being treated badly

91
Q

What are the 2 impacts of industrial action on the employee

A

Loss of earnings will mean employees are unable to pay their bills
Improved working conditions will result in motivation increasing

Business S4 (5 decks)

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