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Geography > Human - Urban Areas > Flashcards

Human - Urban Areas Flashcards

1
Q

Define conurbation

A

A region consisting of a number of cities, large towns and other urban areas.

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2
Q

Why do young people want to live in a city?

A
  • Better nightlife
  • more jobs
  • good services
  • transport
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3
Q

What does morphology mean?

A

the type of housing

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4
Q

Describe a non-functional land-use

A
  • wasteland

- derelict land

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5
Q

What is the sector model?

A
  • City develops in sectors, depending on environmental factors, transport corridors etc
  • Segregates industry from residential for example for a higher Quality of life
  • Residential areas develop overtime by filtering - when posh houses are built the rich move there and the next income group down move into their old house
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6
Q

Why are high class houses usually on the outskirts of cities?

A
  • Better environment
  • Away from factories
  • Away from noise pollution
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7
Q

What is the concentric Zonal Model?

A
  • Shows urban land as a series of zones
  • The urban fabric gets younger as you move out of the city
  • The width of each zone depends on the density of the built up area and efficiency of transport
  • Based on Chicago in the 1920’s when immigrants moved into cheap housing n the city centre and new houses on the outskirts were built for the old residents.
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8
Q

What is the Multiple-Nuclei Model?

A
  • A lot more detailed
  • Harris and Ullman said that the CBD should be seen as a NUCLEUS within a metropolitan area instead of the main focal point
  • Suggests most large cities don’t grow around a single CBD
  • ## More spread out than the others as they believed people had cars now so there could be specialisation of regional centres that people could drive to
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9
Q

Name an economic factor affecting patterns of land use

A
  • Land Value - more in CBD
  • Competition - BID-RENT MODEL
  • Investment
  • Globalisation
  • Post Industrialisation - less factories
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10
Q

Name a social factor affecting patterns of land use

A
  • Wealth gap - richer in bigger houses on outskirts
  • Ethnicity - Ghettos can form for pros (retaining language/religion) or cons (don’t have as much money)
  • Civic pride - People live in certain areas as they have a good reputation
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11
Q

Name a political factor affecting patterns of land use

A
  • Planning laws
  • Public housing - Used to be lots of council estate. 1980-90 a lot sold to make money
  • Green belt
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12
Q

Name a historical factor affecting patterns of land use

A
  • Most urban areas built when physical factors dominated

- Eg. Newcastle built to protect from scots

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13
Q

Name a physical factor affecting patterns of land use

A
  • Geology - Eg. Wouldn’t build a city on the coast
  • Drainage - No point building somewhere that can flood
  • Pollution - In UK, pollution blows from WEST TO EAST
  • Relief - Steep slopes repel mass urban development, but attract nice houses with nice views, eg. L.A
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14
Q

What industry used to dominate Newcastle?

A

Local coal and ship building

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15
Q

Talk about some of the historical factors about Newcastle

A
  • Originally a roman settlement based at the end of Hadrian’s wall
  • Later used by the Normans to control the North
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16
Q

Where is Buenos Aires?

A

In Argentina (the capital)

17
Q

What is the population of Buenos Aires?

A

About 15.5 million, so it’s a mega city

18
Q

Why, in terms of physical factors, was Buenos Aires built where it is?

A

It’s flat and offers easy access to the Atlantic ocean.

19
Q

What social factors caused Buenos Aires to expand outwards?

A
  • Immigrants flooded into the city in the 19th century

- Radical rail network

20
Q

When was Buenos Aires founded?

A

1580 by Spanish Colonists. The original settlement is now the historic core with cathedral, town hall and presidential palace.
Planners have excluded building modern offices in the historic parts of the city.

21
Q

Why is Dhaka expanding and developing?

A
  • TNCs drawn to cheap labour and soft planning laws
22
Q

What is a social issue with Dhaka’s development?

A
  • 1 in 4 are unemployed
  • Large amount of child labour
  • Many only survive on 1.50 pounds
  • 4% per annum population growth - less jobs/houses etc.
  • Over 4000 per doctor
  • Crime
    MAINLY CAUSED BY AN INCREASING POPULATION
23
Q

What is an environmental issue with Dhaka’s development?

A
  • High car ownership so lots of emissions

- Most solid waste is dumped in water bodies

24
Q

What is an economic issue with Dhaka’s development?

A
  • Lack of jobs

- Some kids work full days for 12p

25
Q

Describe where the deprived areas of Leeds are

A
  • No more than 7km from the CBD

- More on the east (prevailing wind)

26
Q

What are the social issues in Seacroft created by this deprivation?

A
  • Small living space in high rise apartments
  • Lack of service provision as it is just an estate but has 90,000 people
  • Gangs, drugs
  • Lung cancer is 30% higher than the Leeds average
27
Q

What are the economic issues in Seacroft created by this deprivation?

A
  • In the 5% most deprived areas in the country - what buisness would want to move there?
  • Run - down
  • Over 40% receive benefits
  • Low home ownership
  • In 2003, only 1 in 2 had a car
  • Unemployment - partly due to a poor transport system
28
Q

What is the EASEL regeneration project

A
  • The east and southeast leeds regeneration project aims to help by investing 1 billion over 20 years.
29
Q

What other projects helped/are helping people in E/SE Leeds?

A
  • Extensions are to be made to primary schools and there is a new academy in Seacroft
  • New Tesco in Seacroft employing 320 people from the local area, was a catalyst for regeneration
  • New children’s unit at St. James and new GP surgeries to combat teenage pregnancy
30
Q

List some reasons as to why a city might decline

A
  • Post-Industrialisation
  • Climate Change
  • Lack of jobs
  • Natural disaster
  • Not enough adequate housing
31
Q

When is deprivation said to have occurred?

A

When a person’s well-being falls below a level generally regarded as an acceptable minimum

32
Q

What are the 7 quality of life indicators?

A
  • Income
  • Employment
  • Health
  • Education
  • Access to housing and services
  • Living environment
  • Crime
33
Q

What does MDI stand for?

A

Multiple deprivation index

34
Q

Define Urbanisation

A

The rise in the population of urban areas

Geography (3 decks)

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