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5.kurul > iç hastalıkları > Flashcards

iç hastalıkları Flashcards

1
Q

Most common form of hypothyroidism

A

Primary hypothyroidism

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2
Q

Hypothyroidism clinical
Accumulation

A

Accumulation of matrix glycosaminoglycans in the interstitial spaces of many tissues

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3
Q

Low serum fT4
High serum TSH

A

Primary hypothyroidism

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4
Q

Central hypothyroidism

A

TSH secretion does not increase appropriately as T4 secretion falls

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5
Q

Hypothyroidism yardimci tani

A

Anti thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO)
Anti tiroglobulin antibody (anti-Tg)

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6
Q

PTH ile çalışan hormon

A

Calcitiriol (1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D)

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7
Q

Nerede pth aktif hormon reseptörü yok

A

Bağırsakta

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8
Q

Hypoparathyroidism

A

Hypocalcemia

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9
Q

Hypoparathyroidism

A

Hyperphosphatemia

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10
Q

Pth deficiency clinic

A

Paresthesias
Muscle weakness, cramps
Tetany

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11
Q

Hypoparathyroidism CVS manifestations

A

Decreased myocardial contractility
Hypotension
Congestive heart failure
Prolonged QT

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12
Q

Hypocalcemia
Ölçümde neyle birlikte ölç

A

Albumin

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13
Q

Hypoparathyroidism
Calcium

A

DECREASED

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14
Q

Hypoparathyroidism
Serum phosphorus

A

İNCREASED
(Atılamıyor)

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15
Q

Outer zona glomerulosa

A

Mineralocorticoid

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16
Q

Central zona fasciculate

A

Glucocorticoid

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17
Q

Inner zona reticularis

A

Dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA)

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18
Q

ACTH …….. steroid hormone synthesis

A

Increases

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19
Q

Cortisol ….. the secretion of CRH and ACTH

A

Decreases

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20
Q

Cortisol deficiency
Glycose

A

Hypoglycemia

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21
Q

Addisonda

A

Kortizol az
Acth artacak
Msh uyarılacak
Hiperpigmentasyon olacak

22
Q

Acute adrenal crisis

A

Mineralocorticoid deficiency

23
Q

Primary adrenal insufficiency

A

Mineralocorticoid+ cortisol+ androgen deficiency

24
Q

Adrenal crisis (acute) treatment

A

Saline solution
Glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone)

25
Q

Chronic adrenal insufficiency treatment

A

Glucocorticoid
Mineralocorticoid

26
Q

Adrenal medulla tümörlerine

A

Feokromasitoma

27
Q

RIFLE kriterleri

A

7 gün içerisinde

28
Q

AKIN kriterleri

A

48 saat içerisinde

29
Q

Anüri

A

50-100 ml/gün

30
Q

Mutlak anüri

A

0 ml/gün

31
Q

Akut böbrek hasarı

A

Prerenal %70
İntrarenal %25
Postrenal %5

32
Q

İntrarenal akut böbrek hasarı

A
  1. Akut tübüler nekroz %85
  2. İnterstisyel nefrit
  3. Akut glomerulonefrit
33
Q

İntrarenal ABY’de etyoloji
Böbreğin küçük damarlarını tutan hast

A
  1. Sistemin vaskülitler
  2. HUS- TTP
  3. Malign hipertansiyon
  4. Postpartum akut böbrek yetersizliği
34
Q

İntrarenal ABY’de etyoloji
Glomerulleri tutan hastalıklar

A
  1. Akut glomerulonefrit
  2. Hızlı ilerleyen glomerulonefrit
  3. Diffuz kortikal nekroz
35
Q

İntrarenal ABY’de etyoloji
İnterstisyumu ve papillayı tutan hastalıklar

A
  1. Akut interstisyel nefrit
  2. Bilateral akut piyelonefrit
  3. Akut papiller nekroz
  4. İnfiltratif hastalıklar (lösemi)
36
Q

İntrarenal ABY’de etyoloji
Tubulusları etkileyen hastalıklar

A
  1. İntratubular presipitasyon
  2. Akut tubuler nekroz
37
Q

Böbrek hasarı erken tanı biomarkırları

A

Serum (NGAL, Cys C)
İdrar (NGAL, IL-18, KIM-1, GST, L-FAPB)

38
Q

Akut böbrek yetmezliğinde yaşamı tehdit eden komplikasyon

A

Hiperpotasemi

39
Q

Akut böbrek yetmezliğinde yaşam tehdidi

A
  1. Hiperpotasemi
  2. Ağır asidoz
  3. Akciğer ödemi
40
Q

Akut böbrek hasarında …… ilk seçenek olarak düşünülmeli

A

Norepinefrin

41
Q

Metabolik sendrom ATP3 kriterleri
Glucose

A

> 5,6

42
Q

Metabolik sendrom ATP3 kriterleri
HDL cholesterol

A

40 w
50 m

43
Q

Metabolik sendrom ATP3 kriterleri
Triglycerides

A

> 1,7 (150)

44
Q

Metabolik sendrom ATP3 kriterleri
Obesity

A

102 w
88 m

45
Q

Metabolik sendrom ATP3 kriterleri
Hypertension

A

> 140/85

46
Q

Sekonder dismenore ile uyumlu pelvik patolojinin varlığını gösteren bulgular

A

● 25 yaşından sonra dismenore başlangıcı
● Anormal uterin kanama
● Orta hatta olmayan pelvik ağrı
● Adet sırasında mide bulantısı, kusma, ishal, bel ağrısı, baş dönmesi veya baş ağrısı olmaması
● Disparoni veya diskezya varlığı
● Semptom şiddetinde ilerleme

47
Q

Water diuresis

A
  1. Primary polydipsia
  2. Central diabates insipidus
  3. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
48
Q

Due to deficient secretion of ADH
Can be induced by trauma, pituitary surgery, or hypoxic or ischemic encephalopathy. Rare familial cases have been described

A

Central DI

49
Q

…. Presenting in adults is almost acquired with chronic lithium use and hypercalcemia being the most common causes of a defect severe enough to produce polyuria

A

Nephrogenic DI

50
Q

Primary focal hyperhidrosis

A
  1. Bilateral and relatively symmetric
  2. Impairs daily activities
  3. At least one episode per week
  4. Onset before age 25
  5. Family history of idiopathic hyperhidrosis
  6. Focal sweating stops during sleep

5.kurul (9 decks)

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