Ideolgies

Question 1

Common ownership of property ( socilaism )

Answer 1

E - socialist view owning private property as creating the conditions for human inequality and that it promotes social division. They believed wealth is not produced by individuals but communities
T - Karl Marx argues in his conservative manifesto that private property should be abolished
E - Margaret thatchers ‘right to buy scheme’ socialist would argue this was very negative especially for the poorest in the country ( shortage of public housing )

Question 2

Equality ( socialism )

Answer 2

E - socialist believe equality is meaningless unless it involves equal access to resources and the gov must ensure everyone receives the same quality outcome ie education
T - Karl Marx said “ from each according to his ability to each according to his need” meaning those who have the most should contribute the most and those who need the most should receive the most
E - Jeremy Corbyn tried to get free education in English universities (no tuition) like in Scotland

Question 3

Class conflict ( socialism )

Answer 3

E - socialist disagree with the concept of one’s social class dictating their opportunities in life, socialist use class to analyse the distribution of wealth, power and assets in society
T - Karl Marx argues that society was in a constant state of conflict between classes. He argues that those at the bottom would realise they were being exploited and revolt
E - Jeremy Corbyn critiquing conservative cuts “what is austerity really about? It’s about wealthy getting wealthier and the poorest getting poorer”

Question 4

Cooperation ( socialism )

Answer 4

E - socialist belive that people are connected by a common way of humanity and people can harness their collective energies to get more out of it, they believe in cooperation over competion
T- Vladmir Lenin created ‘soviet’ communities where everyone would have a job ie healthcare
E - in 2015 Corbyn staid “ we want a state that takes responsibility for everybody. To ensure nobody is destitute we each care for all. Everyone caring for everybody else. I think it’s called socialism”

Question 5

Socialism 12 marker layout

Answer 5

Common ownership of property vs equality

Class conflict vs cooperation

Question 6

Ideologies 20 mark layout

Answer 6

C Private property vs S common ownership of property

C hierarchy vs S equality

C tradition vs S class conflict

Question 7

Private property ( Conservatism )

Answer 7

E - conservatives view owning property as vital because it offers the Individual security and independence and it guarantees social order
T - Edmund Burke believes that ownership of property should be the predominant requirement for participation in political representation
E - Thatchers ‘right to buy’ programme of the 1980s - were people could buy their council houses at a reduced rate as this was seen as important in “improving” the working class

Question 8

Hierarchy ( conservatism )

Answer 8

E - conservatives belive hierarchy is needed for the different roles in society. They belive society has an obligation to respect it for society to function normally
T - Benjamin Disraeli argues that those with wealth + power who are higher up in society have a responsibility to those less fortunate
E - David Cameron introduced the equality act 2010 to address gender and ethnic inequalities, showing his obligation to helping those less fortunate

Question 9

Tradition ( conservatism )

Answer 9

E - conservatives belive in a central theme that “the desire to conserve traditions, customs and institutions have endured over time” the rational thought behind this is the wisdom of the past
T - Edmand Burke deeply opposed the French Revolution on the grounds that wisdom is not about abstract principles but experience, tradtion and history “ change is only necessary in order to conserve”
E - the conservative rhetoric of unionism and being anti Scottish independence relates to the tradition of British identity