Ideologies & Revolution

Question 1

This political organization was used by Metternich to oppose liberalism and nationalism in Central Europe.

Answer 1

the German Confederation

Question 2

The settlements reached at this meeting established a balance of power, recognized the neutrality of Switzerland, united Sweden with Norway and Belgium with the Netherlands.

Answer 2

the Congress of Vienna

Question 3

Metternich and the Quadruple Alliance formed the backbone of this loose forum who worked to achieve consensus, maintain the status quo and a general peace until the 1850s.

Answer 3

the Concert of Europe

Question 4

This agreement reasserted royal legitimacy and stability and rejected republicanism.

Answer 4

the Congress of Vienna

Question 5

This ultra-conservative arrangement, proposed by Tsar Alexander I, was a throwback to the Middle Ages but had little influence outside eastern Europe.

Answer 5

the Holy Alliance

Question 6

This “ism” promoted “the greatest happiness for the greatest number.”

Answer 6

utilitarianism

Question 7

This “ism” strongly advocated written constitutions, limited suffrage, religious toleration, laissez-faire economics and was favored especially by the middle class.

Answer 7

liberalism

Question 8

This “ism” was advocated by Herder, who believed every group of people’s culture had value.

Answer 8

nationalism

Question 9

This “ism” rejected the rationalism of the Enlightenment and emphasized emotion over reason.

Answer 9

Romanticism

Question 10

This was the most radical response to the Industrial Revolution because it advocated violent revolution.

Answer 10

Marxism

Question 11

This monumental British law increased the voting power of the middle classes.

Answer 11

Great Reform Act of 1832

Question 12

This law prohibited the employment of children under the age of nine.

Answer 12

Factory Act of 1833

Question 13

This group advocated universal suffrage for men.

Answer 13

the Chartists

Question 14

These laws were repealed in 1846 partly due to the Irish Potato Famine.

Answer 14

Corn Laws

Question 15

This group of people opposed the repeal of the Corn Laws.

Answer 15

wealthy landowners

Question 16

This country escaped the revolutions of 1848.

Answer 16

England, Sweden or Russia

Question 17

This country experienced the greatest degree of political instability in the 19th century.

Answer 17

France

Question 18

This was established in France in 1848 but was gone by 1852 because of ideological divisions and a fear of renewed disorder.

Answer 18

Second French Republic

Question 19

This newly-created body oversaw the 1848 Revolution in the German Confederation seeking to unify Germany under Prussian leadership.

Answer 19

Frankfurt Parliament

Question 20

This leader nearly succeeded in winning Hungary’s independence from Austria.

Answer 20

Lajos Kossuth

Question 21

This person was the most well known British conservative.

Answer 21

Edmund Burke

Question 22

This English Romantic poet was most well known for his Lyrical Ballads which he wrote with Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

Answer 22

William Wordsworth

Question 23

These authors of the Communist Manifesto asserted that capitalism was a necessary stage of economic and social development.

Answer 23

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

Question 24

This group of people made up a secret Italian revolutionary society.

Answer 24

Carbonari

Question 25

This man became the “King of the French people” in 1830 but was overthrown in 1848, triggering revolutions all over Europe.

Answer 25

Louis-Philippe

Question 26

This 18th-century Enlightenment economist was championed by liberals and business owners for his belief in laissez faire.

Answer 26

Adam Smith

Question 27

This German thinker is seen as the “father” of communism.

Answer 27

Karl Marx

Question 28

This movement advocated economic and social planning.

Answer 28

utopian socialism

Question 29

This free-trade zone developed in the German Confederation and played a major role in laying the groundwork for future German political unity.

Answer 29

Zollverein

Question 30

This co-author of the Communist Manifesto lashed out at the middle classes in his The Condition of the Working Class in England (1844).

Answer 30

Friedrich Engels