Immunology

Question 1

IL-1

Answer 1

secreted by: macrophages
stimulates: lots of different cell types to grow and differentiate
fever = endogenous pyrogen

Question 2

IL-2

Answer 2

secreted by: Th CD4 cells

stimulates growth of T cells

Question 3

IL-3

Answer 3

secreted by: activated T cells

BM growth/differentiation

Question 4

IL-4

Answer 4

secreted by: CD4 Th2 cells
stimulates B cell growth
IgE production
enhances class switching of IgE and IgG

Question 5

IL-5

Answer 5

secreted by: CD4 Th2 cells
IgA production
eosinophil activation/production

Question 6

IL-6

Answer 6

secreted by: CD4 Th cells and macrophages

stimulates production of acute phase reactants and immunoglobulins

Question 7

IL-8

Answer 7

“neutrophils come here!”

major chemotactic factor for neutrophils

Question 8

IL-10

Answer 8

secreted by: Th2 cells
activates self (Th2)
inhibits Th1

Question 9

IL-12

Answer 9

secreted by: B cells, macrophages

activates: NK, Th1 cells

Question 10

gamma- IFN

Answer 10

secreted by: Th1

activates macrophages

Question 11

TNF-alpha

Answer 11

secreted by: macrophages

1) increases IL-2 receptors on Th cells
2) B cell proliferation
3) attracts and activates neutrophils
4) stimulates DC to migrate to the LNs

Question 12

what part of compliment causes anaphylaxis?

Answer 12

C3a

C5a

Question 13

what part of compliment causes neutrophil chemotaxis?

Answer 13

C5a

Question 14

deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor causes…

Answer 14

hereditary edema (overactive compliment)

Question 15

deficiency of C3 leads to..

Answer 15

severe, recurrent pyogenic sinus and respiratory tract infections

Question 16

deficiency of C6-C8 leads to…

Answer 16

neisseria bacteremia

Question 17

deficiency of decay-accelerating factor (DAF) leads to..

Answer 17

paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)

Question 18

what do alpha and beta IFNs do?

Answer 18

stop viral protein synthesis

Question 19

what do gamma IFNs do?

Answer 19

increase MHC1 and MHC2 expression and antigen presentation in all cells

Show us what ya got!

Question 20

What do IFNs do in general?

Answer 20

activate NK cells to kill virus-infected cells

Question 21

what bacteria do anitgen variation?

Answer 21

salmonella
borellia (relapsing fever)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 22

what virus does anitgen variation?

Answer 22

influenza

major = shift, minor = drift

Question 23

what parasite does anitgen variation?

Answer 23

trypanosomes (programmed rearrangement)

Question 24

Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia

Answer 24

B-cell (decreased production of) 
Bacteria infections (after 6mo) 
Boys (X-linked) 
X-linked recessive defect in TK gene 
low levels of ALL Igs

Question 25

DiGeorge Syndrome

Answer 25

low T cells, no thyroid or parathyroid gland
22q11 deletion 
C = cardio abnormalities
A = abnormal facies 
T = thymus absent 
C = Cleft palate
H = hypocalcemia

Question 26

SCID

Answer 26

low B and T cells
defect in early stem-cell differentiation
recurrent VBFP infections (viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoal)

Question 27

IL-12 receptor deficiency

Answer 27

IL-12 secreted by B cells/Macrophages –> activate –> NK, Th1 cells

presents with mycobacterial infections

Question 28

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Answer 28

decreased activation of B cells
X-linked defect
can't mount an IgM response to capsular polysaccharides of bacteria
high IgA
normal IgE 
low IgM 
WIPE
W = wiskott -Aldrich syndrome
I = infections pyogenic
P= purpura 
E = ezcema (skin inflammation)

Question 29

Hyper IgM syndrome

Answer 29

decreased activation of B cells
defect on CD40L on CD4 = can't class swich 
high IgM
low IgA, G, E
severe pyogenic infections

Question 30

Job’s syndrome

Answer 30

decreased activation of macrophages

helper T cells don’t produce gamma-IFN