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Board Exam > Important Facts > Flashcards

Important Facts Flashcards

1
Q

When do you treat with Potassium Chloride?

A

Metabolic alkalosis (high levels of bicarbonate) accompanied with hypochloremia and hypokalemia

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2
Q

Correct placement of the ETT

A

5-7cm above the carina

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3
Q

Purulent foul smelling secretions are the hallmark sign of what?

A

Bronchiectasis

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4
Q

When should NPPV be used for a COPD pt in regards to an ABG?

A

when pH is <7.35 and PaCO2 >45

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5
Q

When should someone with COPD be intubated?

A

pH <7.30 and PaCO2 >50

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6
Q

Someone with asthma who can only speak in small phrases indicates what?

A

a moderate exacerbation

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7
Q

Pink frothy secretions

A

think pulmonary edema

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8
Q

Peak flow % that determines red/green/yellow zones

A

green 80-100%
yellow 50-80%
<50% =red

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9
Q

If patient has asthma, what will the post bronchodilator reflect?

A

An increase of at least 12% or 200mL

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10
Q

Dz that has foul smelling secretions

A

Bronchiectasis

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11
Q

Bronchogram is done to diagnose what?

A

Bronchiectasis

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12
Q

Test to determine CF

A

Sweat chloride test

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13
Q

What drug does a bronchodilator need to be administered prior to giving the drug?

A

Mucomyst (acetylcistein). Side effect often is bronchoconstriction.

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14
Q

Brand name of Dornase Alfa

A

Pulmozyme

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15
Q

What is the Oh Man acronym used for?

A

The treatment of an MI.

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16
Q

Oh Man acronym

A

O2
Heparin
Morphine
Aspirin
Nitrates

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17
Q

Right upper lobe cavitation confirms what diagnosis?

A

Tuberculosis

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18
Q

Tram tracks seen on a chest X Ray confirm what diagnosis?

A

Bronchiectasis

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19
Q

If someone has been a coal miner growing up, what dz is likely?

A

Pneomoconiosis

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20
Q

Hypoxemia severity scale using PaO2

A

PaO2 60-80mmHg = mild
40-59mmHg = moderate
<40mmHg = severe

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21
Q

***How do you measure the severity level vs level of impairment in an asthmatic?

A

Severity is done by measuring the FEV1.0

Impairment is based off the frequency of sysmptoms the patient is experiencing

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22
Q

Severity measurement of an asthmatic

A

Mild is >80%
moderate 60-80
severe <60
***Based off FEV1.0

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23
Q

Pt with lockjaw probably has what?

A

Tetanus

24
Q

three diagnostic tests for HIV

A

Elisa
Western blot test
CD4

25
Q

TOBI treats what

A

tobramycin treats pseudonomas aeruginosa

26
Q

treatment of pulmonary edema

A

100% FiO2

27
Q

When initiating NPPV, what do you start settings at?

A

EPAP at 5 and IPAP at 8-10 above the EPAP.

28
Q

Treatment for CO poisoning

A

Immediate ETT placement to protect airway and give 100% FiO2

29
Q

Medications for AHF

A

Happens suddenly compared to CHF
Nitro, Lasix, and Milrinone (inotropic)

30
Q

Hallmark S/S of cardiogenic pulmonary edema

A

pink frothy secretions

31
Q

PCWP increased helps diagnose what?

A

Lets you know that someone with pulmonary edema has it due to cardiogenic pulm edema.
**If presented with normal PCWP, then suspect non-cardio pulm edema

32
Q

Three things in general management for GB and MG

A

In both, you monitor vitals, use continuous pulse ox monitoring, and FREQUENT ABGs

33
Q

Meds for CF

A

Mucolytics, expectorants, antibiotics, LVACAFTOR, BRONCHODILATORS

34
Q

*P/F ratio severities

A

Mild <300
Moderate <200
Severe <100

35
Q

*Acronym for the 4 meds to treat TB

A

P.I.E.R.
Pyrazinamide
Isonizide
Ethambutol
Riframpin

36
Q

Coughing up blood suggests what

A

TB

37
Q

History of HIV is importantn in diagnosing what?

A

TB

38
Q

*What is the order of drugs for Pneumonia to treat the INFECTION

A

Give ciproflaxin while you wait for confirmation on culture. If S. pnuemonia you give amoxicillin, BUT if it is S. aureus you use vancomycin

39
Q

Medication order for croup

A

Give racemic epi, and if it doesn’t reduce swelling, give a cortico like decadron orally or IM

40
Q

After extubating a pt with epiglottitis, what should you do

A

monitor for 24-36 hours do not discharge immediately

41
Q

When do you want to grab an echocardiogram

A

For the cardiovascular patients

42
Q

**What modes can be used in SBT?

A

1 Straight T-tube breathing
2 CPAP
3 Pressure Support
4 CPAP + PS

43
Q

**HeLiox is for what?

A

Helps pts with decreasing WOB who have NARROWED AIRWAYS (staticus asthmaticus)

44
Q

pentamidine

A

Treats homeless guy with HIV

45
Q

Laryngoscope sizes for preterm and term

A

preterm is 0
term 1

46
Q

ETT size for preterm/term

A

preterm 2.5
term is 3.0

47
Q

**Glucocorticosteroids for asthma

A

beclamethasone/fluticasone/budesonide

48
Q

**Long acting adrenergics

A

salmeterol/arformeterol/formoterol

49
Q

If asthma is very serious, what is the last choice of meds to add?

A

theophyline/leukotriene inhibitor/oral cortico

50
Q

Leukotriene inhibitor

A

montelukast (singulair)

51
Q

green zone

A

> 80-100

52
Q

yellow zone

A

50-80

53
Q

red zone

A

<50

54
Q

**In out-patient care of asthmatic…do you want x ray?

A

NO

55
Q
A

Board Exam (6 decks)

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