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Anat Spring Exam 3 > Important neuro > Flashcards

Important neuro Flashcards

1
Q

CN VII CBO of mm. of facial expression

A

facial motor nucleus

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2
Q

CN VII CBO of lacrimal, nasal & oral mucosa, salivary glands

A

submandibular and pterygopalatine ganglia

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3
Q

CN VII CBO that’s skin of ear

A

trigeminal spinal nucleus

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4
Q

CN VII CBO of anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

solitary nucleus

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5
Q

CN VII CBO of palatine tonsil & posterior nasal cavity

A

solitary nucleus

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6
Q

CN V CBO of muscles of mastication

A

trigeminal motor nucleus

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7
Q

CN V CBO of nueromuscular spindles of mastication mm. and tension receptors in perio ligaments

A

trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus

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8
Q

CN V CBO of skin of the face, oronasal mucous membranes, teeth, dura mater

A

trigeminal (Gasserian) ganglion

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9
Q

CN VII shares CBO solitary nucleus for taste with CN ___ and ___

A

CN IX and X

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10
Q

CN VII shares CBO trigeminal spinal nucleus for inner ear mm with CN ___

A

CN IX

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11
Q

CN VII shares CBO trigeminal spinal nucleus for outer ear pain, touch, temp with CN ___

A

CN X

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12
Q

Nerve involved with closing eye:opening eye:

A

CN VII (temporal branch)CN III

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13
Q

Visceral afferent structures served by CN VII

A

-Anterior 2/3 of tongue-Palatine tonsil, posterior nasal cavity

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14
Q

CN VII p-symp ganglion that innervate glands

A

Pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglion

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15
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion of CN VII innervates which 3 glands:

A

lacrimal, nasal & oral mucosal

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16
Q

Submandibular ganglion of CN VII innervates which 2 glands:

A

submandibular salivary, sublingual salivary

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17
Q

What is Bell’s palsy and what are the symptoms:

A

Acute facial nerve paralysis.Hyperacusis, reduced salivation and lacrimation, numbness of ear/ tongue/ face

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18
Q

Effect of lesion of CN VII in internal auditory canal:

A

complete inactivation of CN VII

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19
Q

Effect of lesion of CN VII in facial canal

A

inactivation of chorda tympani & facial n. branches. No taste, no facial mm. movement

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20
Q

Effect of lesion of CN VII at the stylomastoid foramen

A

no movement of facial mm.

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21
Q

Symptoms of lesion of a the corticobulbar fibers :

A

paralysis of facial mm. below eye level to OPPOSITE side of face

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22
Q

4 trigeminal nuclei:Which 3 are located in the pons and which one is in the midbrain?

A
  • Trigeminal spinal nucleus
  • Trigeminal principal sensory nucleus
  • Trigeminal motor nucleus
  • Trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (MIDBRAIN)
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23
Q

Jaw-jerk reflex… upper motor neuron lesion ___ while LMNL ____

A

increases

decreases

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24
Q

Raphe nuclei location:

A

Brainstem (midbrain, pons, medulla)

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25
Q

Midbrain raphe nuclei project to:

A

cerebral cortex

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26
Q

Pontine, medullar raphe & nucleus raphe magnus nuclei project to:

A

spinal cord

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27
Q

Neurotransmitter associated with raphe nuclei

A

serotonin

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28
Q

Raphe spinal tract begins at ___ raphe nucleus and decussates (crosses) at ____. Synapses on ___neurons in Lamina _, _, and _ of spinal cord

A

dorsal
midbrain
interneurons
I, II, V

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29
Q

Periaqueductal gray (PAG) is associated with __, regulates _____, and initiates _____ behaviors

A
  • pain
  • heart/respiration rates
  • defensive and reproductive behaviors
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30
Q

Major input source of periaqueductal gray:

A

ascending sensory system & descending signals from limbic system.

31
Q

Locus ceruleus location:
input:
target:
neurotransmitter:

A
  • between base cerebellar attachment point and rostral pons

- afferents from hypothalamus-excitatory effect on most of brain-norepinephrine

32
Q

Ventral tegmental location:

neurotransmitter:

A
  • floor of midbrain tegmentum

- dopamine (HAPPY!)

33
Q

Ventral tegmental 2 tracts and their targets:

A

Mesocortical fibers - to frontal cortexMesolimbic fibers - to nucleus accumbens & striatum

34
Q

____ sends ___ to ___ to control sleep and wakefulness

A

-Dorsolateral pontine tegmentum-ACh-Hypothalamus

35
Q

Hypothalamus active:

Pontine tegmentum, locus ceruleus, raphe nuclei active:

A
  • sleep

- awake

36
Q

Primary function of cerebellum:

A

motor coordination, output of motor cortex and motor nuclei

37
Q

Purkinje cells function: line up in:
use which neurotransmitter:
only cell to ____ cortex

A
  • inhibitory and constitute the sole output of all motor coordination
  • Cerebral cortex
  • GABA
  • leave
38
Q

Granular cell function:

A

receive excitatory input from mossy fibers to produce simple spikes on Perkinje cells

39
Q

Mossy fibers relay signals from:

A

proprioceptive receptors.

40
Q

Parallel fibers connect ___ and ___

A

purkinje cells

granular cells

41
Q

Climbing fibers come from ___ and terminate on ___

A

inferior olive

Purkinje dendrites

42
Q

The peduncles connect the ___ to the ___

A

cerebellum

brainstem

43
Q

3 cerebellar peduncles and and whether they carry fibers into or out of the cerebellum

A

Superior (out .. and in)
Middle (in)
Inferior (in …and out)

44
Q

Which tract has the sensation of joint and limb location

A

spinocerebellar tract

45
Q

3 physiological subdivisions of cerebellum

A

Vestibulocerebellum
Spinocerebellum
Pontocerebellum

46
Q

Vestibulocerebellum correlates to:
Spinocerebellum:
Pontocerebellum:

A
  • flocculondular lobe
  • paravermal area
  • lateral hemisphere
47
Q

CTCC loop is compared to:

Which part of brain modifies the movement:Signals are relayed to:

A
  • moving big toe up 1cm
  • cerebellum
  • MOTOR cortex
48
Q

olivo-cerebellar loop function:

Activation of ___ to produce purkinje spikes called ____ signals

A
  • timing for tens of milliseconds
  • climbing fibers
  • error/teaching
49
Q

Flocullondular lobe lesion:
paravermal lesion:
Lateral hemisphere lesion:

A
  • Following Finger problems (eye movement)
  • inability to walk line
  • slllllurred speech
50
Q

What does a martini do to the Olive

A

increase activity, dysfunction of electrical synapses

51
Q

Hippocampus function:

Creates a ___ of an event called a ____

A
  • evaluates sensory info for familiar/important content.

- roladex-like file-concept neuron

52
Q

Hippocampus input:

output:

A
  • visual, auditory, tactile

- sensory cortical areas (memory) and mammilary body

53
Q

Amygdala function:
projects to:
It’s the source of _____.Involved in memory of ___ events

A
  • evaluate sensory signals as to emotional content (facial expressions, surroundings)
  • hypothalamus and brainstem
  • anxiety and fear
  • social
54
Q

Amygdela input:

output:

A
  • primary sensory input

- hypothalamus & brainstem

55
Q

Papez’ circuit starts with ___ and ends with ___. Links what 2 things?

A
  • hippocampal formation
  • entorhinal cortex
  • Hippocampus to cingulate cortex
56
Q

Neuroanatomical basis of procedural memory: (performing task so many times)

A

basal ganglia

57
Q

Neuroanatomical basis of declarative memory: (like your name)

A

hippocampus

58
Q

Grid cell location:

Place cell location:

A
  • perihinal cortex

- hippocampus

59
Q

Stimulation of the amygdala will produce which emotion?

A

anxiety and fear. (stimulation of only left amygdala can cause happiness OR anxiety/fear)

60
Q

Amygdala is responsible for the storage and recall of which aspect of memory?

A

social events

61
Q

Stimulation of the nucleus accumbens will produce which emotion?

A

reward center. Pleasure.

62
Q

Insular cortex is related to ___ of the human

A

consciousness

63
Q

2 major sources of fibers to the hypothalamus

A

hippocamps and amygdala

64
Q

“Jet lag” can be reset by action within which hypothalamic nucleus?

A

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

65
Q

2 hypothalamic nuclei that produce ADH and oxytocin

A

Supraoptic nuclei and paraventricular nuclei

66
Q

Lesion of the ventromedial hypthalamus has what effect on appetite

A

VentroMedail makes you eat Very Much

67
Q

What neurotransmitter facilitates both uterine contractions and milk let-down during nursing

A

oxytocin

68
Q

4 clinically significant basal ganglia

A

Striatumglobus pallidussubstantia nigrasubthalmic nucleus

69
Q

Striatum is the major input to the ____. It lies ____to the thalamus and is divided by the____. Made up by 3 nuclei

A
  • basal ganglia system
  • lateral
  • internal capsule
70
Q

3 nuclei that make up the striatum

A
  • caudate nucleus
  • putamen nucleus
  • nucleus accumbens
71
Q

2 nuclei that make up Lenticular nucleus

A

putamenglobus pallidus

72
Q

Athetoid:
Choreiform:
Ballistic:

A
  • slow, involuntary, twisiting
  • spastic irregular nonrepetitive movements
  • repetitive, various, flailing
73
Q

Akinesia:
Bradykinesia:

A
  • no movement

- slowed movement

Anat Spring Exam 3 (3 decks)

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