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Oral Surgery > Indications for Extractions > Flashcards

Indications for Extractions Flashcards

1
Q

How do we reach an indication for extractions? (2)

A
  1. Clinical

2. Radiographic assessment

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2
Q

List some indications for extractions (5)

A
  1. Unrestorable teeth
    - Gross caries
    - Advanced periodontal disease
    - Tooth / root fracture
    - Severe tooth surface loss
    - Pulpal necrosis
    - Apical infection
  2. Symptomatic partially erupted teeth
  3. Traumatic positioned teeth
  4. Orthodontic indications
  5. Interference with construction of dentures
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3
Q

List the types of upper extraction forceps (4)

A
  1. Straight upper anterior forceps
  2. Upper premolar forceps
  3. Upper molar forceps (R+L)
  4. Upper bayonet forceps
    - Upper bayonet 3rd molar forceps
    - Upper bayonet root forceps
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4
Q

List the types of lower extraction forceps (3)

A
  1. Lower universal forceps
  2. Lower molar forceps
  3. Cowhorn forceps
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5
Q

Where do we use straight upper anteriors?

Describe their appearance

A
  1. Upper 3-3

2. Slight curve, normally have single roots so perfect for getting into them

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6
Q

Where do we use upper premolar forceps?

Describe their appearance

A
  1. Premolars
  2. Has a beak but slightly more curved to allow access further back to reach the premolars, without stretching the patients cheek too much
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7
Q

Upper molars have 2 ends, how do they both look?

A

Pointy end - furcation??

Smooth end - for single palatal root

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8
Q

What angle do lower forceps have?

A

90 degrees

Narrower at the tip

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9
Q

Compare upper bayonet 3rd molar forceps to the upper bayonet root forceps

A

3rd molar ones chunkier rounder

Root ones pointy beak like

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10
Q

Standing position for extracting upper/ lower molars

A

Directly behind patient standing up or in front

For an upper want them sitting quite back

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11
Q

List examples of elevators

A
  1. Couplands elevators
  2. Cryers elevators (R+L)
  3. Warwicks James Elevators (R+L)
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12
Q

Function of couplands elevators

A

Elevate a tooth

  • Widen the PDL
  • Can try to wedge it mesially and lift the tooth up
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13
Q

When should elevators be used?

A

Before using forceps to break apart the PDL

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14
Q

How do couplands elevators look?

A
  • Rounded shovel like
  • Not v sharp but cut ligament with the movements that are generated
  • The bigger the no. the wider the tip
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15
Q

How do cryers elevators look?

A

Pointy like little knives

Point away to the side they should be used on

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16
Q

What are warwicks james elevators used for?

A

Elevating wisdom teeth

- mesial application

17
Q

What are the 3 types of warwicks james elevators?

A
  1. Straight
  2. Right
  3. Left
18
Q

When would you use a warwicks instead of a couplands?

A

Getting a couplands between the 7-8 gap is hard

Warwicks can be used as its narrower

19
Q

How do we figure out what side is which in a warwick james elevator?

A

Right and left point inwards to each other

20
Q

Function of luxators

A

Mobilise teeth

- Can only tear PDL and widen the PDL surface

21
Q

Order of use for these oral surgery instruments (3)

A
  1. Luxator
    - Mobilise teeth tear PDL
  2. Elevators
    - Couplands (can be used to lift tooth up)
  3. Forceps
22
Q

What do luxators reduce the risk of

A

Mobilising a tooth reduces the risk of a failed extraction

23
Q

What is a periotome?

A

Luxator but not for the impatient

  • Perio like flat bore
  • Work it down PDL space and cut the PDL
  • Makes the extraction easier and means you can take the tooth with minimum trauma
24
Q

Why would you want to extract a tooth with minimum trauma caused?

A

Buccal plate makes it easier to put an implant on

25
Q

What are the 3 modes of action for tooth elevation?

A
  1. Wheel and axle (rotation)
  2. Lever
  3. Wedge
26
Q

What instruments do we use a wheel and axle rotation?

A

Elevators

  • Couplands
  • Cryers
  • Warwick james

NOT LUXATOR
Will bend the tip and break it

27
Q

Why is a lever action more dangerous to use?

A

Generates much more force

You could fracture the mandible if resting on bone and wedge it in

28
Q

Describe the one case where a luxator can be used to elevate (3)

A
  • Fracture below gum level
  • Luxator used to push the tip into the PDL space
  • Root can just come up
29
Q

Most common point of application for elevators (2)

A

Mesial then buccal

Works v well for wisdom teeth

Oral Surgery (6 decks)

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