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History > Industrial Development > Flashcards

Industrial Development Flashcards

0
Q

Homestead Act

A

Law passed by Congress to encourage settlement in the West by giving government owned land to small farmers

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1
Q

Manifest destiny

A

Belief shared by many Americans in the mid 1800s that US should expand across continent to Pacific Ocean

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2
Q

Pacific Railway Act

A

Congressional measure which gave land to railroad companies to facilitate construction of railroad and telegraph from Missouri River to Pacific Ocean

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3
Q

Benjamin Singleton

A

African American leader; Former slave; encourage slaves to go West and farm for themselves.

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4
Q

Morrill Act

A

Federal law passed by Congress that gave land to Western States to encourage them to build colleges. ( teach farming)

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5
Q

Exoduster

A

African Americans who settled Western lands in late 1800s

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6
Q

Cyrus McCormick

A

Mechanical Reaper.

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7
Q

James Oliver

A

Developed new plow with sharper edge.

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8
Q

Who coined the term Manifest Destiny?

A

John L. O’Sullivan

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9
Q

Sand Creek

A

US army killed a bunch of Cheyenne Indians at Sad Creek (in Colorado Territory) -1864

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10
Q

Little Big Horn

A

Lakota Sioux raided white settlers-US gov ordered Lakota Sioux to return to their reservation by January 1876- they refused-turned over to military- leader of Sioux SITTING BULL led his men again GEORGE ARMSTRONG CUSTER - Sioux won

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11
Q

Dawes Act

A

Legislation passed by Congress that split up Indian reservation lands among individual Indians and promised them citizenship

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12
Q

Wounded Knee

A

US army’s killing of about 300 Sioux at wounded knee creek in South Dakota

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13
Q

Bessemer Process

A

Process developed in 1850s that led to faster cheaper steel production

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14
Q

Henry Bessemer

A

Bessemer Process ; Englishman; Bessemer Converter

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15
Q

Wildcatter

A

Name given to oil prospectors who came to Pennsylvania in mid and late 1800s

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16
Q

Edwin Drake

A

Wildcatter who drilled 1st commercial oil in US

17
Q

How did the civil war change the industrial development of the US?

A

US became one country, not a bunch of states.- railroads -processed food - textiles(clothes)

18
Q

How did the Civil War change the agricultural development of the US?

A

Agricultural decrease and industrial increase - processed food

19
Q

Capitalism

A

Economic system in which most businesses are privately owned

20
Q

Entrepreneur

A

Risk taker who starts new ventures within economic system of capitalism

21
Q

Stock/shareholder

A

Invest in part of something 4 profit

22
Q

Monopoly

A

Having complete control in the marketplace, without any outside competition

23
Q

Fencing material consisting of sharp, pointed pieces of wire wrapped around a strand of wire invented by Joseph Glidden

A

Barbed wire

24
Q

Breed of cattle that thrived on the Plains

A

Texas Longhorn

25
Q

Canadian river along which gold was found in 1897

A

Klondike

26
Q

Food for which demand increased rapidly after the civil war

A

Beef

27
Q

The use of high pressure water to blast away dirt, exposing minerals underneath

A

Hydraulic mining

28
Q

Silver deposit discovered in the Carson River valley in 1859

A

Comstock Lode

29
Q

Route used to move cattle from Texas to Kansas

A

Chisholm Trail

30
Q

Animals raised for wool

A

Sheep

31
Q

Soon after acquiring his first ferry, what reputation did Vanderbilt earn?

A

Cut throat business man

32
Q

Why did they call him “ The Commodore”?

A

He made his money in shipping

33
Q

In 1866, Vanderbilt was especially struggling because of what recent loss?

A

George, his son, died in Civil War.

34
Q

Vanderbilt’s rivals stopped believing he was strong business adversary. What did Vanderbilt do to convince them he was still powerful?

A

He closed the Albany bridge

35
Q

What effect did closing the Albany bride have and how did Vanderbilt profit from it?

A

It blocked the rest of the country from entering New York. Cargo couldn’t reach the rest of the country. Everyone was selling stock and he bought it for cheap.

36
Q

What building did Vanderbilt build?

A

The Grand Central Depot

37
Q

The technique Vanderbilt pioneered of rapidly buying a large amount of another company’s stock

A

Hostile takeover

38
Q

How did Gould and Fisk prevent Vanderbilt’s takeover ( and get rich in the process)?

A

“Watered down” their stocks

39
Q

What product did Vanderbilt sell?

A

Oil

History (2 decks)

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