Infectious Diarrhoea Flashcards
What is the definition of diarrhoea?
Subjective disorder based on fluidity and frequency
What is the definition of gastro-enteritis?
Objective disorder defined as three or more loose stools/day with accompanying features
What is the definition of dysentery?
Obvious disorder with large bowel inflammation
What bacteria is associated with contaminated foodstuffs-related gastro-enteritis?
Campylobacter
What bacteria is associated with travel-related gastro-enteritis?
Salmonella
What bacteria is associated with person to person related gastro-enteritis?
Norovirus
What is the most common food-borne bacteria? What is it mostly associated with?
Campylobacter and poultry
Outline some of the body’s defences against enteric infections
General hygiene
Stomach acidity
Normal flora
Immunity
Invasive non-typhoidal salmonella is a strong indicator of what infection commonly found in Africa?
HIV
Describe the clinical picture and treatment of non-inflammatory/secretory diarrhoeal illness
Secretory toxin mediated (e.g. cholera increases cAMP and Cl- secretion)
Characterised by frequent stools with little abdominal pain
Rehydration is the treatment
Describe the clinical picture and treatment of inflammatory diarrhoeal illness
Inflammatory toxin damage and mucosal destruction presenting with pain and fever
ABC my be appropriate
What bacteria is responsible for the mixed picture variant of diarrhoeal illness?
C. diff
