Inhalant Anesthetics Flashcards
Choosing an inhalant relies on what?
Available equipment
Desired speed of induction and recovery
Cost
What is temperature compensation?
A feature of vaporizers to control temperature
As inhalant is vaporized, vaporizer cools and causes a decrease in vapor pressure, which leaves fewer molecules of inhalant available for delivery to patient
What would happen if you put iso in sevo machine (and vice versa)?
Volatility of iso»_space; sevo
Iso in sevo machine = anesthetic overdose
Sevo in iso machine = patient will not be anesthetized adequately
Is is harder to anesthetize a patient in what conditions?
High altitudes (decreased pressure)
Cold temperatures
What is the “time constant”?
The time is takes to make a 50% change in a closed system
Volume / flow
What are the MAC values for iso, sevo, and desflurane?
Iso: 1.28-1.63%
Sevo: 2.1 - 2.58%
Des: 7.2-10.38%
Anesthetic maintenance is usually how many times MAC?
1.2-1.5 x MAC
What factors that increase MAC?
Hyperthermia
Hypernatremia
Drugs that cause CNS stimulation
Increases in excitatory NT
What factors decrease MAC?
Other anesthetics Hyponatremia Hypotension PaO2 <40, PaCO2 >90 Pregnancy Age
What factors do not affect MAC?
Gender
Duration of anesthesia
Metabolic alkalosis/acidosis
Mild-moderate anemia
Malignant hyperthermia is a result of what?
Mutation of ryanodine receptor
