Inheritance Keywords Flashcards
What is a gene
Sequence of bases on a DNA molecule that codes for a protein (polypeptide)
What is an allele
A different version of a gene
What is a genotype
The genetic constitution of an organism - the alleles an organism has
What is a phenotype
The expression of the genetic constitution and its interaction with the environment - physical appearance caused by allele
What does dominant mean
An allele whose characteristic appears in the phenotype even when there is one copy
What does recessive mean
An allele whose characteristic appears in the phenotype if two copies are present
What does codominant mean
Alleles that are both expressed in the phenotype - neither one is recessive
What does locus mean
The fixed position of a gene on a chromosome
What does homozygote mean
An organism that carries two copies of the same allele
What does heterozygote mean
An organism that carries two different alleles
What is a carrier
A person carrying an allele which is not expressed in the phenotype but can be passed on to offspring
What does diploid mean
Two alleles for each gene
What are gametes
They are sex cells which contain one allele for each gene
What is monohybrid inheritance
It is the inheritance of a characteristic controlled by a single gene
What is an autosome
It is a chromosome that isnt a sex chromosome
