Inheritience and Variation - Y10 Flashcards
1
Q
What does DNA stand for?
A
Deoxyribonucleic acid
2
Q
What does it do?
A
Contains coded info - instructions that make up an organism so it can work
3
Q
Where is DNA found?
A
Nucleus in chromosomes
4
Q
Structure of a DNA
A
- Double helix
- Polymer
5
Q
Whats a gene?
A
Small section of DNA found on a chromosome
6
Q
What do genes do?
A
Each gene codes for a particular sequence of amino acids which are put together to make a specific protein - determined by DNA too which determines what type of cell
7
Q
How many amino acids are used in genes?
A
20 but they make up thousands of diff proteins
8
Q
Whats a genome?
A
Entire set of genetic material in an organism
9
Q
Why is the human genome important for science and medicine?
A
- Allows scientists to identify genes in the genome that are linked to diff types of disease
- Knowing which genes are linked to genetic diseases - helps us make effective treatments
- To trace migration -all humans descended from a common ancestor from Africa. Since ppl moved away, it caused tiny differences in the genome, by investigating these diff scientists can work out when new pops split off and what route they took
10
Q
What is DNA made out of?
A
Nucleotides - each n has a sugar and phosphate group (forms backbone) and one “base”
