Innate Immune System

Question 1

Cells classified by STRUCTURE

2

Answer 1

Granulocytes (polymorphic)

• Neutrophils
• Basophils
• Eosinophil
• Mast cells

Monocytes

• dendritic cells
• macrophages

Question 2

Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs)

• define
• name (3)

Answer 2

cells that present antigens to T-cells

• MHC I & II
• PRR

Macrophages, Dendritic cells, (B cells)

have PRRs - bind to PAMP

Question 3

Cells classified by FUNCTION

Answer 3

Phagocytes

1) macrophages
2) dendritic cells
3) neutrophils

Mast cells
Basophils
Eosinophils
NK cells

Question 4

Macrophages

(3) functions

Answer 4

1) Phagocytosis
2) Antigen Presentation
3) Cytokine Production

ROI, RNI (reactive O/N intermediate)
tissue resident > liver, lung, CNS, bone
- up regulate MHCII

Question 5

Macrophages

• activated by? (5)
• effector function when activated?

Answer 5

PAMPs 
cytokines (pro-inflamm) 
antibodies * 
C3b complement * 
Interferon g (IFNg) 

• = opsonin

Question 6

Neutrophils

Answer 6

1st at site of inflammation

short life

Question 7

Mast cells

Answer 7

tissue resident

• Histamine - allergies & parasitic helminth infection
• activated by IgE
• C5a

Question 8

Dendritic cells

Answer 8

APCs
increase MHC II
have PPRs
- mature > stop phagocytosis

Question 9

NK cells

Answer 9

antibody binds > ↑ activating signal > MIC-A/B
↓ MHC I Spy >

> ADCC

mediated by:

• Perforin
• Granzyme B: triggers apoptosis

Question 10

Important Cytokines in Inflammation

Answer 10

• IL-1
  
  • IL-6
  • TNFa → tumor necrosis factor αlpha
    Type I interferons → IFNα & IFNβ

Question 11

PRRs

3

Answer 11

bind PAMPS
Germline encoded

TLRs
Scavenger receptors
NLRs

Question 12

Importance of Physical/Chemical Barriers

Answer 12

1st line of defense

can be bypassed by medical interventions

Question 13

Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs)

Answer 13

produced by epithelial cells & some Leukocutes (NK, neutrophils, CTLs)
cause direct CYTOTOXICITY & activate cells in inflammatory response