Innovation

Question 1

health disparities

Answer 1

differences in health outcomes that are closely linked to social, economic, and environmental disadvantage

include higher illness burden, injury, disability, or mortality experienced by one population group relative to another

Question 2

health disparities are differences between groups in

Answer 2

health care insurance coverage
access to and use of care
quality of care

Question 3

examples of health disparities

Answer 3

Blacks and American Indians and Alaskan Natives fare worse than whites on the majority of examined measures of health status and outcomes

non-elderly Hispanics, Blacks, and American Indians and Alaskan Natives remain significantly more likely than Whites to be uninsured

Question 4

populations at risk

Answer 4

where we live, learn, work, play, and pray

Question 5

geographic relationships to health

Answer 5

where are specific health event and what’s around them?
are hospitals/clinics in the correct place?
late 1800s - breakout of cholera (linked water quality to cholera)

Question 6

understand localities

Answer 6

look at health at difference scales

community health assessment - identify priorities neighborhoods should focus on

Question 7

advocacy

Answer 7

transmitting info

policy changes

resource allocation

built environment

Question 8

doughnut hole

Answer 8

coverage gap in drug coverage
medicare part D has a coverage gap that will gradually close by 2020 when beneficiaries will pay 25 percent of the cost of their drugs in the gap

Question 9

medicare

Answer 9

entitlement program
operated by the fed government
covers 54 million medicare beneficiaries (mostly aged)
hospital insurance (part A)
medical insurance (part B)
medicare advantage private plans (part C)
outpatient prescription drug plans (part D)

Question 10

medicare does not cover

Answer 10

long-term services and supports
dental services
eyeglasses
hearing aids

Question 11

supplemental coverage (medicare)

Answer 11

employee-sponsored retiree plans
medigap
medicaid

Question 12

medicaid

Answer 12

nation’s main public health insurance program for people with low income and the single largest source of public health coverage in the U.S. covering nearly 70 million Americans

Question 13

role of medicaid in the health care system

Answer 13

health insurance coverage
assistance to medicare beneficiaries
long-term care assistance
support for health care system and safety-net
state capacity for health coverage

Question 14

medicare part A

Answer 14

covers inpatient hospital stays, skilled nursing facility stays, some home health visits, and hospice care

subject to a deductible (1288 per period)

hospital inpatient:
days 61-160 - varying costs
after 150 days - not covered

mental health inpatient:
covers up to 190 days in a lifetime

Question 15

medicare part B

Answer 15

supplementary medical insurance program (covers physician’s visit, outpatient services, preventative services, home health visits)

subject to deductible (166) and coinsurance of 20%

annual wellness visits, recommended immunizations, recommended cancer screenings, depression/substance use, bone density screening, HIV screening

Question 16

physician-assisted suicide

Answer 16

involves the prescription by a physician of a lethal dose of med for the purpose of ending someone’s life

Question 17

euthanasia

Answer 17

intentional killing by act or omission of a dependent human being for his or her alleged benefit

act of putting to death someone suffering from a painful and prolonged illness or injury; someone other than the pt commits an action with the intent to end the pt’s life

Question 18

ANA’s position statement

Answer 18

2010 - acknowledges the complexity of the assisted suicide debate but clearly states that nursing participation in assisted suicide is a violation of the code for nurses

ANA position further stresses the important role of the nurse in supporting effective symptom management, contributing to creation of environments for care, identifying concerns and fears

Question 19

death with dignity act

Answer 19

provides for access to physician-related suicide by terminally ill pts under very controlled circumstances

Question 20

physician-assisted suicide vs. euthanasia

Answer 20

difference is in the degree of involvement and behavior

physician-assisted suicide entails making lethal means available to the pt to be used at pt’s own choosing of time

euthanasia involves physician taking an active role in carrying out pt’s request and involves IV delivery of lethal substance

physician assisted-suicide is seen to be far easier emotionally for the physician since he/she does not have to directly cause death