Integumentary System

Question 1

is composed of the skin, or cutaneous membrane, plus its accessory structures: hairs, nails, and glands

Answer 1

Integumentary system

Question 2

the largest
and most visible organ of the body, has numerous functions

Answer 2

Skin

Question 3

What are the three layers of the skin?

Answer 3

Dermis
Epidermis
Hypodermis

Question 4

consists of loose connective tissue
with many blood vessels and adipose tissue

Answer 4

Hypodermis

Question 5

is avascular and composed of keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium and contains four distinct cell types:

Answer 5

Epidermis

Question 6

The epidermis.
stratified squamous epithelium and contains four distinct
cell types:

Answer 6

•keratinocytes
•melanocytes
•dendritic (Langerhans) cells
•Merkel (tactile) cells

Question 7

produce the strong waterproofing protein keratin

Answer 7

Keratinocytes

Question 8

Produce the protective pigment melanin

Answer 8

Melanocytes

Question 9

Are specialized white blood cells that migrate to the epidermis,
where they function as phagocytes

Answer 9

dendritic cells (Langerhans)

Question 10

Are located at the epidermal–dermal junction and function in
light touch reception.

Answer 10

Merkel (tactile) cells

Question 11

Thick skin, which is located only in the

Answer 11

Palm of hand and soles of feet

Question 12

Layers or..

Answer 12

Strata

Question 13

What are the five strata (layers) of a thick skin?

Answer 13

1.Stratum corneum
2. stratum lucidum
3. stratum granulosum
4. stratum spinosum
5. stratum basale

Question 14

The four strata of a thin skin

Answer 14

1.Stratum corneum
2. stratum granulosum
3. stratum spinosum
4. stratum basale

Question 15

is the
thickest stratum, consisting of 20–30 layers of cells.

Answer 15

Stratum corneum

Question 16

which is found only in the thick
skin of the palms and soles, consists of two to four translucent layers of flat, dead keratinocytes

Answer 16

Stratum lucidum

Question 17

consists of three to five
layers of keratinocytes that undergo a drastic change in appearance as they begin to fill with keratin
(a process called keratinization). As this happens, the cells flatten and their organelles, including the nucleus, disintegrate; the cells eventually die.

Answer 17

stratum granulosum

Question 18

contains 8–10 layers of cells,
mostly keratinocytes that have a “spiny” appearance in histological preparations.

Answer 18

stratum spinosum

Question 19

the deepest layer of the epidermis,
consists of a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells (keratinocytes) attached to a basement membrane

Answer 19

Stratum basale

Question 20

Actively mitotic

Answer 20

Stratum basale

Question 21

The accessory structures of the skin includes:

Answer 21

Hair
Nails
Glands

Question 22

The ____ of the dermis, the deepest layer of the
skin, consists largely of dense, irregular connective tissue a middle cortex, and an outer cuticle

Answer 22

reticular layer

Question 23

Each _____ is formed by layers of epidermal tissue, called the epithelial root sheath, that is surrounded by
a dermal root sheath composed of connective tissue.

Answer 23

Hair follicle

Question 24

A bundle of smooth muscle fibers, called an _____
attaches to the dermal root sheath.

Answer 24

arrector pili muscle

Question 25

Contracted arrector pili muscle causes…

Answer 25

Goosebumps

Question 26

are exocrine glands, glands that release their secretory products onto external or internal body surfaces

Answer 26

Sebaceous glands

Question 27

Most sebaceous glands secrete an oily, acidic substance called ____ into hair follicles

Answer 27

Sebum

Question 28

acts as a lubricant that keeps the skin and hair soft and moist
and deters the growth of infectious agents

Answer 28

Sebum

Question 29

which are also exocrine glands, consist of a coiled secretory component and a duct composed of simple cuboidal epithelial tissue

Answer 29

Sweat glands

Question 30

Two types of glands produce sweat

Answer 30

eccrine sweat glands
apocrine sweat glands

Question 31

are distributed all over the body,
and they secrete sweat that is primarily water but also contains salts and waste products

Answer 31

Eccrine sweat glands

Question 32

primary function of __ is temperature regulation. When body
temperature rises, it release sweat that carries heat away as it evaporates from the skin surface.

Answer 32

Eccrine sweat glands

Question 33

are confined to the groin, axillae,
and the areola around each nipple

Answer 33

Apocrine sweat glands

Question 34

These secretions are odorless, but when released onto the skin they
are metabolized by bacteria, producing body odor.

Answer 34

Apocrine sweat glands

Question 35

These sweat glands, which are activated at puberty, respond
to pain, emotional stress, and sexual stimulation. In addition
to the components found in sweat (water, salts, and wastes) also contain proteins

Answer 35

Apocrine sweat glands

Question 36

are modifications of the epidermis that
protect the dorsal ends of the fingers and toes

Answer 36

Nails