Integumentary system

Question 1

what is the integumentary system?

Answer 1

the integumentary system is composed of the organs that form the skin of animals/humans

Question 2

what does integument mean?

Answer 2

integument means covering

Question 3

what are 3 main functions of the skin?

Answer 3

1. protection: keratin and fat cells protect our deep tissues from damage
2. thermoregulation: gets rid of heat from body by sweating, and conserves heat by narrowing blood vessels in skin and inhibiting blood flow there
3. Vitamin D: converts modified cholesterol molecules into Vitamin D from sunlight

Question 4

what are the 3 layers of the skin and where are they?

Answer 4

the 3 layers of the skin are the dermis, epidermis and hypodermis
the dermis is the middle layer, the epidermis is the outermost layer and the hypodermis is the innermost layer

Question 5

what are the functions of the dermis?

Answer 5

the dermis contains collagen, elastic fibres, hair follicles, oil glands and sweat glands. it supports the skin and provides elasticity.

Question 6

what are the layers of the dermis?

Answer 6

there are 2 layers of the dermis, a thin upper layer called the papillary dermis and a thick lower layer called the reticular dermis.

Question 7

what are the functions of the epidermis?

Answer 7

the epidermis protects us from bacterial, water and heat damage. it also creates our skin tone.

Question 8

what are the cells of the epidermis and their functions?

Answer 8

there are 4 types of cells in our epidermis:

1. keratinocytes: keratin for protection
2. melanocytes: melanin for skin pigment and sun protection
3. epidermal dendritic cells: alert the body of harmful bacteria threat
4. merkle: sensory receptors

Question 9

what are the functions of the hypodermis?

Answer 9

the hypodermis a layer of adipose tissue below the dermis. it attaches the skin to the underlying organs and provides a site for fat storage.

Question 10

how is the integumentary system linked to the nervous system?

Answer 10

the skin contains the sensory receptors of the nervous system. the nervous system helps with thermoregulation by activating sweat glands and dilating/constricting blood vessels.

Question 11

how is the integumentary system linked to the musculoskeletal system?

Answer 11

when large muscles are worked they generate heat, this heat increases blood flow to the skin and promotes sweating

Question 12

how is the integumentary system linked to the urinary system?

Answer 12

the skin excretes salts and waste in sweat. the urinary system activates the Vitamin D that the skin makes

Question 13

how is the integumentary system linked to the endocrine system?

Answer 13

androgen hormones produced in the adrenal glands turn on oil glands in the dermis of the skin