International Integration

Question 1

What is international integration?

Answer 1

A process by which supranational institutions come to replace national ones by shifting sovereignty from national institutions towards regional/global ones

Question 2

What is not integration?

Answer 2

Must be voluntary
Must distinguish integration from simple cooperation / coordination

Question 3

What are the steps in international integration?

Answer 3

1. Free Trade Area: goods & services, cut internal trade barriers
2. Customs Union: add common external tariffs
3. Common Market: add capital and labor mobility
4. Monetary Union: common monetary policy
5. Fiscal Union: common fiscal policy
6. Political Union: common government

Question 4

Why integrate?

Answer 4

Functionalism/Neofunctionalism

Question 5

What is intergovernmentalism?

Answer 5

Process does not drive itself, governments must make active efforts to integrate

Question 6

What is deepening?

Answer 6

Increasing interconnectedness between member states

Question 7

What is widening?

Answer 7

Increasing number of member states

Question 8

What is the concept of global culture/society?

Answer 8

An expanding in-group
Cultural imperialism

Question 9

What drives the emergence of a global culture?

Answer 9

Information / telecommunications revolution
Digital divide

Question 10

How does technology help governments?

Answer 10

Spy on people as a means of control
Spy on other governments
Create channels of information to influence people

Question 11

How does technology hurt governments?

Answer 11

Harder for repressive governments to control their people
Hacking
Cryptocurrencies: no restrictions and very unstable

Question 12

What are the European Union Institutions?

Answer 12

Council of the EU
European Parliament
European Council
European Commission
European Court of Justice
European Central Bank

Question 13

What is the council of the EU?

Answer 13

Council of ministers = council
Legislative
Made up of national government ministers

Question 14

What is the european parliament?

Answer 14

Legislative
Share the legislative power with the council of the EU
Supervise other EU bodies
Represents the voice of EU citizens: directly elected by voters in EU members

Question 15

What is the european council?

Answer 15

Composed of state leaders
Provide general directions of the integration process
Not legislative

Question 16

What is the european commission?

Answer 16

Executive
Represent the EU in trade negotiations
Work for the EU

Question 17

What is the european court of justice?

Answer 17

Judicial
Supremacy of EU law over national law
Binding
Enforceable

Question 18

What is the european central bank?

Answer 18

FRB
Abandon monetary autonomy

Question 19

Which institutions are supranational?

Answer 19

European Commission
European Court of Justice
European Central Bank

Question 20

What is the 1951 European Coal and Steel Community

Answer 20

ECSC
A common market for coal and steel

Question 21

What is the 1957 Treaty of Rome?

Answer 21

European Economic Community (ECC)
European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM)

Question 22

What is the 1965 European Community?

Answer 22

EC
Merger treaty: ECSC + EEC + EURATOM =EC

Question 23

What is the 1986 Single European Act?

Answer 23

SEA
Single market by Dec 31, 1992
No unanimity rule
1992 common market

Question 24

What is the 1992 Maastricht Treaty?

Answer 24

Treaty on European Union
Establish the EU
Prepare for the European Monetary Union

Question 25

What is the 1997 Amsterdam Treaty?

Answer 25

Devolve certain powers to the European Parliament

Question 26

What is the 2001 Nice Treaty?

Answer 26

Restructuring in preparations for enlargement: decision-making procedures