Intracranial Pressure

Question 1

What does brain function depend on?

Answer 1

Supply of blood and oxygen to the brain

Question 2

Priority with ICP?

Answer 2

Brain needing oxygen

Question 3

What % of brain tissue composes contents of the skull?

Answer 3

80%

Question 4

What % of the brain is blood?

Answer 4

10%

Question 5

What % of the brain is spinal fluid?

Answer 5

10%

Question 6

Earliest signs of increased cranial pressure?

Answer 6

-Decreased LOC
-Inability to focus
-Headache unrelieved by Tylenol
-Nausea without vomiting

Question 7

Infants increased cranial pressure signs?

Answer 7

-Bulging Fontanel
-Lethargic
-Irritability
-Macrocephaly

Question 8

Increased cranial pressure sign in children?

Answer 8

-Sunsetting appearance of eyes (half closed eyes)

Question 9

What occurs with auto regulation?

Answer 9

-Irregular pulse, respiration, and BP

Question 10

What do you give to decrease cerebral edema?

Answer 10

-Mannitol

Question 11

What does mannitol medication do?

Answer 11

-Dehydrate the brain and reduce cerebral edema

Question 12

What scale do we use when there is suggested intracranial pressure?

Answer 12

Glasgow coma scale

Question 13

What are the 3 components to the glasgow come scale?

Answer 13

-Eye response (movement)
-Motor response
-Verbal response

Question 14

What happens to pupils when pressure worsens?

Answer 14

-Pupils will be fixed and not response to light

Question 15

What is Cushing triad? S/S

Answer 15

-Widened BP (High systolic, low diastolic)
-Low respirations
-Low HR

Question 16

What does a score of 3 on Glasgow indicate?

Answer 16

Severe impairment deep coma, or brain dead

Question 17

What does a score of 8 on Glasgow scale mean?

Answer 17

Unconscious patient

Question 18

What does a score of 15 indicate on Glasgow scale?

Answer 18

Alert and oriented patient

Question 19

Where to assess hydration status on a patient taking mannitol?

Answer 19

Mucous membranes, urine output

Question 20

What is the serum level when giving Mannitol?

Answer 20

310-320

Question 21

What cases do you not give Mannitol?

Answer 21

-TBI
-Brain bleeding

Question 22

What is the normal serum osmolarity?

Answer 22

275-295

Question 23

What does Dexamethasone do?

Answer 23

Reduces cerebral edema related to brain tumors, CNs infections, and abscesses

Question 24

What does the saying “ICPS” means?

Answer 24

I-Immobilize spine
C-Low CO2
P-Positioning
S-Suctioning (Limit it)

Question 25

What route do you give mannitol?

Answer 25

-IV

Question 26

Score of a 3-8 on coma scale?

Answer 26

Severe trauma

Question 27

Score of less than 5?

Answer 27

Very severe prognosis

Question 28

Score of 9-12 on coma scale?

Answer 28

Moderate trauma

Question 29

13-15 on coma scale?

Answer 29

Slight trauma

Question 30

What is another word for a sign that something else is going on?

Answer 30

Ominous sign

Question 31

Decorticate what does it look like?

Answer 31

Arms and toes pulling in

Question 32

Decerebrate what does it look like?

Answer 32

Posturing out

Question 33

What is flaccidity ?

Answer 33

No movement dropping of limbs

Question 34

When do you give dexomethosone?

Answer 34

With brain tumors, abscesses, and cns infections