Intro Flashcards
Characteristics of Immune System
- Specificity
- Universality
- Positive memory
- Self-nonself discrimination
- Immune class regulation
Innate Immune System
always present
QUICK response
NON-specific
poor memory
Adaptive Immune System
adapts over time (to antigen)
specific
MEMORY
Innate & Adaptive Immune System
- similarities
communication between systems
- must be activated before attacking
(5) Areas of Medicine in Immunology
- Autoimmunity > universality
- Transplantation > major/minor antigens
- Cancer > immune surveillance
- Infectious Diseases > immune class regulation
- Allergies > immune class regulation
* REVIEW EACH
Cytokine
molecule (usually protein or peptide) secreted by a cell & acts as messenger
- binds to a cytokine receptor on a target cell
Chemokine
chemotactic cytokine
- attracts cells via chemotaxis to site of chemokine production
- cells have receptor for chemokine
Cluster of Differentiation
protein molecules expressed on cell surface to identify types of cells
different CDs have different functions
i.e. CD1, CD2, CD3 etc.
Plasma
cell-free component of blood
Passive Immunization
transfer of immunity of protected organism to a “naïve” organism through transfer of serum or cells
Active Immunization
induction of host’s own immune response
- vaccination
- live (attentuated)
- inactivated (killed)
Antigen
toxin/foreign substance recognized by immune system
Epitope
part of antigen that binds to particular receptor
(can have >1)
Cross-reaction
2 antigens sharing at least 1 epitope will CROSS-REACT
Attenuation
process of reducing virulence of pathogens but still keeps it alive
