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Finals > Intro to Journalism > Flashcards

Intro to Journalism Flashcards

1
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following contributed most to changes in reporting styles in the Civil War?
A

The telegraph

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2
Q
  1. According to lecture, who invented the technology that broke the linkage between transportation and communication?
A

Samuel F.B. Morse

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3
Q
  1. According to lecture, who was most responsible for using suppression tactics in the U.S. mail?
A

Postal express(pre-war nation and dissident press v and Bernays)

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4
Q
  1. Who described American politics as a system of “democratic realism”?
A

Walter Lippmann

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5
Q
  1. According to lecture, what was the Appeal Army’s political philosophy?
A

Socialist

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6
Q
  1. According to lecture, what author was launched by the Appeal to Reason?
A

Upton Sinclair

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7
Q
  1. Which of the following was NOT one of the issues of the Free Love Press?
A

The sanctity of marriage, hypocrisy of Victorian men, and sex vocabulary.

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8
Q
  1. Which of the following has been a popular and continuous method for suppression of free expression in America?
A

Prior restraint and libel charges

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9
Q
  1. The irony of the Appeal Army is that its tactics
A

sometimes violated socialist principals.

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10
Q
  1. Which is NOT a characteristic of public relations as discussed in class?
A

PR is a strategic communication, never neutral or balanced, persuasive communication, and monitoring the environment.

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11
Q
  1. Which of the following first proposed PR counselors as “experts”?
A

Edward Bernays

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12
Q
  1. What journalistic development prompted Ivy Lee to begin a publicity business?
A

Muckraking

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13
Q
  1. What anarchist press leader was deported to Russia by the U.S. government?
A

Emma Goldman

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14
Q
  1. According to lecture, which publisher is incorrectly matched with a publication?
A

?

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15
Q
  1. According to lecture, which president ushered in a new era of populism?
A

Bill Clinton

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16
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following was known as the leader of the Penny Press movement?
A

Benjamin Day

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17
Q
  1. According to lecture, more circulation during the Penny Press era usually led to which of the following?
A

Lower cost, which made people become more engaged.

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18
Q
  1. According to lecture, what element is frequently absent from public relations practice?
A

The critical perspective

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19
Q
  1. According to lecture, most early PR practitioners were trained in which of the following?
A

Publicity is all power, censorship, cognitive dissonance, and journalism

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20
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of dissident presses?
A

Characteristics ARE facing financial hardships and open for forum during times of turbulence.

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21
Q
  1. According to lecture, which presidential election contributed most to the change in the news business model?
A

The election of Andrew Jackson in 1824.

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22
Q
  1. According to lecture, what was publisher James Gordon Bennett’s favorite target in his newspaper?
A

The Elites

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23
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following was the first document used to establish a new government?
A

The Articles of Confederation

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24
Q
  1. Which of the following was NOT a key to efforts by corporate leaders to put a more human face on their enterprise?
A

Their key efforts were for happy people, nd happy workers.

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25
Q
  1. According to lecture, I.F. Stone avoided association with communists by appointing this person as his circulation manager
A

Esther – his wife.

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26
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of the following was NOT one of Osama bin Laden’s grievances against the U.S.?
A

His grievances WERE: America’s military presence in Arab soil, US support of Israel, and supposed US involvement in the death of more than 1 million Iraqis.

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27
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of following was the only news organization that challenged Bush’s war plans?
A

Slate magazine

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28
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, one former White House official said Bush wanted the Iraq invasion ____________?
A

Henry O’Neill said that he wanted it months before the attacks

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29
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, what broadcast provided the climactic moment in the downfall of Senator Joseph McCarthy?
A

The Army-McCarthy hearings (covered mostly on ABC)

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30
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Joe McCarthy’s campaign was directed at which of the following?
A

Democrats

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31
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of the following was NOT one of the Washington Post reporters assigned to cover the Watergate break-in?
A

The reporters that WERE: Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward

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32
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Deep Throat limited his activity to talking only to ___________?
A

Bob Woodward

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33
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, political experts after the 2008 election agreed on which of the following?
A

The expectation of Obama ended up working against him.

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34
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the media treated Obama as a larger-than-life…
A

Modern Day Messiah

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35
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, a big reason the media favored Obama because…
A

He was the first candidate of color on the national ticket.

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36
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, another attractive element in Obama was his…
A

Charisma

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37
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, journalists were too apologetic in their treatment of Obama’s relationship with…
A

Reverend Jeremiah Wright

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38
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the media covered up Obama’s lack of experience with which of the following?
A

National Politics

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39
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, journalists covering McCain were more than eager to point out . . .
A

That he was too old to be running for the presidential election; policies were similar to George Bush, and his bragging of wealth in the face of the nation’s economics crisis.

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40
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, journalists portrayed Joe Biden as which of the following?
A

Solid candidate of the vice presidency

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41
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, journalists treated Sarah Palin as which of the following?
A

Unintelligent and a bad choice for VP.

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42
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the media bias for Obama worked against him because of which of the following?
A

Unrealistic expectations.

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43
Q
  1. According to lecture, which was NOT an aspect of Bernays and Fleischman’s pioneering PR campaigns?
A

They DID include: insight into audience and research connects PR with public opinion,
never neutral or balanced,
advanced strategic communication or persuasion,
and monitoring the environment.

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44
Q
  1. What advertising executive advocated a change in the nature of corporate advertising in the 1930s?
A

Rolland Merchant

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45
Q
  1. Which anti-Vietnam publication focused its attention on the poor and powerless people of Vietnam?
A

The Catholic worker, Dorothy Day.

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46
Q
  1. What antagonists were most to blame for the plight of women in the late 1960s and early 1970s, according to the Women’s Liberation Press?
A

Liberal counter culture men.

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47
Q
  1. Which of the following was NOT a function of the early Black Panthers in Oakland in the mid-1960s?
A 
Their functions WERE: stopping police brutality, 
embracing self-defense, 
combat economic oppression, 
prevent Black genocide, 
resurrect Black manhood, 
and improve the Oakland ghettos.
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48
Q
  1. What president is remembered as a pioneer in the use of media to communicate directly and intimately with the American people?
A

FD Roosevelt

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49
Q
  1. Which of the following was true about Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein as they reported the Watergate break-in story?
A

Woodward was conservative Yale grad; Bernstein was counterculture, dropped out of college to work at the post.

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50
Q
  1. Who is considered the father of press criticism in the United States?
A

George Seldes

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51
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, what were the most tangible products of the Civil Rights Movement?
A

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the voting Rights Act of 1965

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52
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, what was the most controversial television news story of the early years of the Vietnam War?
A

”The Zippo segment” by Morley Safer on CBS

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53
Q
  1. Which president greatly escalated U.S. involvement in Vietnam, sending hundreds of thousands of additional troops to Southeast Asia?
A

Lyndon Johnson.

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54
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, what single military action resulted in a major psychological victory for the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese?
A

The Tet Offensive

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55
Q
  1. Whose on-air declaration that the Vietnam War was unwinnable led many Americans to question the nation’s Vietnam policy for the first time?
A

Walter Cronkite

56
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following was the journalist who took the first stand against Vietnam?
A

Dorothy Day

57
Q
  1. According to lecture, the first issue raised about Vietnam involved which of the following?
A

Rubber industry

58
Q
  1. According to lecture, what did the draft create during the Vietnam War?
A

Inequality in the number of African Americans.
Burning of draft cards at colleges and inequality.
The rich were usually on the safe side.

59
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, what became the “smoking gun” that ultimately forced Richard Nixon to resign?
A

Nixon destroyed the evidence of the break-in – missing tape recordings.

60
Q
  1. Which statement is NOT true about the reporting tactics of Washington Post reporters Woodward and Bernstein?
A

(They were friends and happy to work together)
Their tactics WERE: knocking on doors, making telephones calls, going out and talking to people, badgering sources, called jurors at home, and reliance on Deep Throat.

61
Q
  1. According to lecture, Edward Bernays brought what key component to public relations?
A

Strategic communication and persuasion.

62
Q
  1. According to lecture, I.F. Stone avoided association with communists by appointing this person as his circulation manager?
A

His wife Esther Roisman

63
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, what televised images were particularly important in galvanizing national support for the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act?
A

Televised brutality of African-American in Birmingham and Selma.

64
Q
  1. According to lecture, the Black Panther newspaper focused on which of the following?
A

The social and political revolution. (combating economic oppression)

65
Q
  1. According to lecture, how many times has the United States been attacked in 230 years?
A

Twice

66
Q
  1. According to lecture, George Seldes’ fatal error was…
A

association with Bruce Minton

67
Q
  1. According to lecture, George Seldes predicted which of the following phenomena in his paper in the 1940s?
A

Corporatization of media and anti-Communist hysteria

68
Q
  1. According to lecture, I.F. Stone’s writings built the foundation for…
A

PM and the voice of the liberal movement of the 1960’s.

69
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following journalists was investigated by the FBI for 20 years?
A

I.F. Stone

70
Q
  1. According to lecture, PM’s mission included which of the following?
A

A paper free of clichés and one that could not be pushed around. (he wanted to save capitalists from the capitalists)

71
Q
  1. According to lecture, who was the longest sitting president in history?
A

FDRoosevelt

72
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following PR men was responsible for creating the “corporate soul”?
A

Rolland Marchand

73
Q
  1. According to lecture, the mainstream media were cheerleaders in Vietnam because of which of the following?
A

(They thought America was winning the war until the Tet offensive)The Sensationalism

74
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following was the first journalist to oppose the Vietnam War?
A

Dorothy Day

75
Q
  1. According to lecture, I.F. Stone argued Vietnam was unwinnable by comparing the war to what relationship?
A

Military ineffective in guerrilla war among peasants, you can’t win a peasant war alongside of a landlord

76
Q
  1. According to lecture, the actual story of John Kerry’s experience in Vietnam appeared in which of the following?
A

?

77
Q
  1. According to lecture, what new elements did the counterculture press introduce to the national conversation?
A

Free Spirit: sex, drugs, and rock and roll; race, gender, class, personal freedom, the work ethic, recreational drugs, and the nature of consciousness.

78
Q
  1. According to lecture, the Berkeley Barb’s most notable story was about which of the following?
A

Pig Slain – the paper won the battle over Peoples Park

79
Q
  1. According to lecture, the decline of the counterculture press can be attributed to which of the following?
A

FBI Director Hoover; went after it as blasphemy.

80
Q
  1. According to lecture, the Black Panthers’ first accomplishment involved which of the following?
A

Creation of their own newspaper.

81
Q
  1. According to lecture, the Black Panther newspaper was bolstered by which of the following?
A

Police murdered an innocent black man and the media did not over the story.

82
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following was NOT used by the FBI against the Black Panther newspaper?
A

Tactics that were: murdering their leaders, burning down the warehouse, and 700 arrests.

83
Q
  1. According to lecture, what event helped spark the onset of the Stonewall Rebellion?
A

The raid of the stonewall Inn by the mafia, Judy Garland’s funeral.

84
Q
  1. According to lecture, what group benefited most from the operation of gay/lesbian bars?
A

The Mafia

85
Q
  1. According to lecture, editor Robin Morgan identified which of the following as the biggest obstacle to women’s liberation?
A

?

86
Q
  1. According to lecture, dissident presses are most active during which of the following?
A

Time of turbulence

87
Q
  1. According to lecture, which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that dissident presses matter?
A

Dissident presses DO MATTER because they are the temperature of the nation, direction of our culture, and measures the health of the first amendment.

88
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the Civil Rights Movement was spawned by which of the following?
A

The Brown v. Board of Education decision of “separate but equal” – 1954

89
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, what contributed most to spurring action during the Civil Rights Movement?
A

Television

90
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the first televised event of the civil rights movement involved which of the following?
A

Desegregation of Central High School about the Little Rock 9 – 1957

91
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, students at southern universities gladly welcomed black students during desegregation
A

False

92
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the Freedom Riders experienced their harshest treatment in which of the following?
A

Alabama

93
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Birmingham Police Commissioner Bull Connor used which of the following to quell protestors?
A

Police dogs and fire hoses.

94
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, TV images in Birmingham provoked President Kennedy to do what?
A

Propose civil rights legislation

95
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which event outside Selma brought nationwide protests?
A

”Bloody Sunday”

96
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, TV coverage prompted the passage of which of the following?
A

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

97
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, NBC produced the “magnum opus” of the movement with which of the following?
A

The American Revolution of ‘63

98
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of the following was a big change networks made to television news in 1963?
A

30 minute segments

99
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Viet Cong soldiers evaded American attacks by _____________?
A

Melting into the jungle – guerilla warfare.

100
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Vietnam was the first and last war without which of the following?
A

Censorship

101
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, coverage of the Vietnam War was positive until when?
A

The Tet Offensive

102
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, one network executive told his correspondents to get footage of _________________?
A

NBC News – Vice president wans t graphic images of US soldiers in combat.

103
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, CBS News took intense heat from President Johnson for ________?
A

The “Zippo Segment” by Morley Safer

104
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, TV networks refused to correct their portrayal of which of the following?
A

The Tet Offensive

105
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which TV personality most contributed to the change in public opinion on the Vietnam War?
A

Walter Cronkite

106
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of the following also contributed to war coverage turning negative?
A

Public execution of a Viet Cong officer by general Nguyen Ngoc Loan.

107
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the government tried to censor the New York Times and Washington Post in which case?
A

The Watergate Scandal

108
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the Washington Post assigned which of the following to cover the Watergate break-in?
A

Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward

109
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, who was the Watergate operative who the Post linked to the White House?
A

Dwight L. Chapin – the White Hose aide.

110
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the two Post reporters were quite similar in their thinking, habits and mannerisms
A

False, Carl Bernstein identified with the counterculture and Bon Woodward was a Republican Ivy leave graduate

111
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the Post reporters broke the law by doing which of the following?
A

They contacted one of the jurors at their home

112
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Deep Throat eventually was identified as which of the following?
A

W. Mark – the iconic source

113
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, TV did a bad job on Watergate for which of the following reasons?
A

There was little to no evidence – the story did not translate ionto visual images because of its complexity

114
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of the following bore the most responsibility for Post’s Watergate coverage?
A

Executive editor Ben Bradlee and publisher Katharine Graham.

115
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of the following was a remarkable indicator of widespread corruption in Watergate?
A

The misuse of campaign funds, laundered money, political sabotage, deception, and immorality. ABUSE OF POWER

116
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Richard Nixon’s case died after discovery of which of the following?
A

The tapes that proved he helped plan the cover-up plus the eighteen and a half-minute gap in one of the tape recordings that showed audio had been erased.

117
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, the two Post reporters parlayed wealth through which of the following?
A

Writing All the President’s Men that was adapted into a film

118
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, political experts credited Rush Limbaugh with which of the following?
A

The Congressional turnover.

119
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Limbaugh led the move toward __________?
A

Infotainment (news and show business) - domination of republican votes

120
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Limbaugh was a poor country boy from Missouri who couldn’t understand why ordinary folk wouldn’t 
pull themselves up to become millionaires
A

False

121
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Limbaugh chided vice presidential candidate Geraldine Ferraro over which of the following?
A

Menstrual Cycle

122
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Limbaugh was credited with helping the cause of which of the following?
A

None of the above

123
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Limbaugh worshippers often refer to themselves as which of the following?
A

Ditto heads

124
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Limbaugh pioneered the use of ____________ with his staunch conservatism
A

Humor

125
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Limbaugh’s work was criticized mostly for which of the following?
A

Being loose with facts – errors

126
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which president handed Limbaugh the leadership of conservatives?
A

Ronald Regan

127
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Limbaugh affected American journalism in two ways, including which of the following?
A

Damaging media credibility

128
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, journalists failed to answer which of the following essential questions in reporting on 9-11?
A

”Why did terrorist attack the World Trade Center?”

129
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of the following papers broke all-time records on Pulitzer Prizes for 9-11 coverage__________?
A

The New York Times

130
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, news organizations allowed George Bush to establish which of the following as the “why” of 9-11?
A

Enemies of freedom attack the United States

131
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, mainstream media’s failures pushed citizens where to find answers?
A

The Internet

132
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of the following was NOT one of Osama bin Laden’s grievances against the U.S.?
A

The Support of Russia

133
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, news organizations didn’t cover the why because they ____________?
A

They didn’t want to be “Un-American” – overwhelmed with answering the four W’s

134
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, Bush had a clear path to war with Iraq by doing which of the following?
A

Weapons of Mass destruction and link Iraq to Al-Qaeda

135
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, which of following was the only news organization that challenged Bush’s war plans?
A

Slate Magazine

136
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, one former White House official said Bush wanted the Iraq invasion ____________?
A

Months before the 9/11 attacks took place

137
Q
  1. According to Streitmatter, when mainstream media answered the “why,” they failed to do which of the following?
A

Failed to give stores the same weight – they did not address it directly or prominently.

Finals (2 decks)

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