Introduction to Endocrinology Flashcards
Endocrine system
A network of glands that mediate metabolism and other processes through the secretion of hormones.
paracrine
hormone can talk to other very close cells
autocrine
cells release hormone to affect themselves.
neuroendocrine signals
these signals (hormones) are released from neurons instead of another secretory cell type
what are hormones?
chemical substances that travel through the blood stream to activate downstream target tissues
types of hormone mediation
endocrine or exocrine
ubiqutous
target receptors determine location effects
synergistic effects
working together for a common end process. for example. lactation.
permissive effects
one hormone enhancing that effect of another (estrogen induced progesterone receptor expression increase which sensitize the uterus to progesterone for endometrial maturation)
antagonistic effects
two hormones antagonize each other (e.g., glucose homeostasis -> insulin and glucagon
amine - hormones
tyrosine, trytohphan derivative
are amine-hormones polar or non-polar?
polar with the exception of T3/T4
peptide hormones
amino acid with various size
example of peptide hormones
ADH GH Insulin oxytocin glucagon ACTH PTH
glycoprotein hormones
TSH
LH
FSH
