Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PARASITOLOGY > Introduction to parasitology > Flashcards

Introduction to parasitology Flashcards

1
Q

An area of biology that deals with a special group of animals

A

parasitology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  • Parasite that lives inside the host.
  • Causes INFECTION to the host
A

Endoparasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  • Parasites that lives outside of the host or on the surface of host’s body.
  • Causes INFESTATION to the host.
A

ectoparasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • Parasite that is found in an organ (not its usual habitat)
  • Goes out of its usual habitat (Ex. Ascaris Lumbricoides)
A

erratic/aberrant parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Does not produce a disease pattern in man

A

NON-PATHOGENIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Produce a disease pattern in man

A

PATHOGENIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Organism which cannot exist without a host (to complete the development and to propagate

A

obligate parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Organism which may exist in a free-living state but may become also parasite

A

facultative parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Organism which visits the host only during feeding time

A

intermittent parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Organism that establishes itself in a host where it does not ordinarily live

A

incidental parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Organism that establishes itself in a host where it does not ordinarily live

A

incidental parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Develops further in the soil → infective

A

soil transmitted parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Develops further inside the snail → infective

A

snail transmitted parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Develops further within an arthropod → Infective
-Malaria parasite → it passes through mosquitos

A

arthropod transmitted parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Develops in the flesh of animal (food) → Infective

A

FOOD ANIMAL TRANSMITTED (P)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Does not develop any further; they are readily infective upon contact

A

CONTACT TRANSMITTED (P)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

It is the host which harbours the adult stage of parasite

A

DEFINITIVE HOST

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Harbors the larval/asexual stages of the parasites

A

Intermediate host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Harbors the early larval stage of the (P)

A

1st intermediate host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Harbors that larval stage which is infective to the final host

A

2nd intermediate host

20
Q

Are other animals that harbor the (P); allow the continuity of the life cycle of the (P); become another source of infection.

A

RESERVOIR HOSTS

21
Q

Are organisms infected by (P) that are not normally associated with them

A

ACCIDENTAL HOST

22
Q

Harbors the infective stage of (P) but no development nor multiplication takes place; simply acts as a mean of transport
for the infective stage to reach the final host

A

paratenic host

23
Q

Harbors a pathogen without manifesting any signs and symptoms; can be a source of infection

A

carrier

24
Q

Are organisms responsible for transmitting the (P) from one host to another

A

vector

25
Q

Transmits the (P) only after the latter has completed a certain
development within it.

A

biological vector

26
Q

Transports the (P) without any development
Food contamination is the most common factor of how man ingest it

A

mechanical vector

27
Q

Two species live together; one species benefits from the relationship without harming the other one.

A

commensalism

28
Q

Two organisms mutually benefit from each other. (Ex. Termites and wood, the wood benefits from the flagellates
while the flagellates also benefit from the wood)

A

mutualism

29
Q

One organism lives in or on another, depending on the latter
for its survival and usually at the expense of host.

A

parasitism

30
Q

The ability of the (P) to successfully regulate the host immune response. (The human hookworm is only for humans, dog’s hookworm is only for dogs, cat’s hookworm is only for
cats) It may not develop in other

A

host specificity

31
Q

Is the act or process of inoculation of the (P) to the host.

A

exposure

32
Q

Is the period between infection and evidence of symptoms

A

Incubation period

33
Q

An infected individual becomes his own direct source of infection

A

Autoinfection

34
Q

The infected host is reinfected with the same species
leading to massive infection with the (P)

A

SUPERINFECTION/HYPERINFECTION

35
Q

One that is normally transmitted among animals but could
be transmitted to human as well

A

ZOONOTIC INFECTION

35
Q

One that is normally transmitted among animals but could
be transmitted to human as well

A

ZOONOTIC INFECTION

36
Q

Transmits the infection from one host to another susceptible
host
- Development into the infective stage may occur in the
external environment
- Mechanical vectors may facilitate the transmission but are
not obligatory. (Ex. Fly, but there is no development
happening in the fly)

A

direct cycle life

37
Q

Requires at least one IH for the (P) to be transmitted from an
infected host to the susceptible potential new host
- Infective stage of the parasite develops and/or multiplies in
the His.

A

Indirect life cycle

38
Q

Portal of entry

A

It is important that the parasite enter the right gate.
* VIA MOUTH – Ingestion of infective stage
* VIA SKIN – Active larval penetration, Inoculation of
the arthropod vector
* INHALATION – of air-borne eggs
* TRANSPLACENTAL/CONGENITAL INFECTION
* INTRANASAL – (P) can be deposited in the nasal
cavities and reach the covering of the brain.

39
Q

Where they develop to their adult stage.

A

habitat

40
Q

Stool sample is the specimen used. Some parasite may be
recovered from the stool. Some samples such as sputum for
some parasites.

A

portal of exit

41
Q
  • These happen in the definitive host, IH and in the environment
A

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE

42
Q

Example of helminths

A

eggs, larvae, adult

43
Q

example of protozoan:

A

Trophozoite, cyst (gametocytes, zygote,
ookinete, oocyst, sporozoite, trophozoite, schizont,
merozite) hypnozoite for some other species

44
Q

Constant presence of a disease/infectious agent in moderate
level within a given area.

A

ENDEMIC

45
Q

When there is a sharp rise in the incidence of a disease or
an outbreak of considerable intensity spreading overf a wide
area.

A

EPIDEMIC

46
Q

When the communicable disease has been disseminated
over extensive areas of the world

A

pandemic

47
Q

When the disease appears only occasionally in one or at
most a few members of a community.

A

sporadic

PARASITOLOGY (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions