Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Visceral CLET > iRATs > Flashcards

iRATs Flashcards

1
Q

T/F

Subacute bacterial endocarditis is associated with splinter hemorrhage of the finger nails.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F

The 3rd heart sound occurs physiologically due to aortic and pulmonic valves closure

A

FALSE

1st: mitral and tricuspid
2nd: aortic and pulmonic
3rd: passive heart filling with 70% of blood pooled
4th: aortic ventricle filling before atrial contraction, very end of diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F

The apex beat is normally located at the anterior axillary line.

A

FLASE

**mid clavicular line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F

Systemic hypertension may lead to left ventricle enlargement.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F

Elevated HDL is a cardiac risk factor.

A

FLASE

**LDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T/F

The causative organism for rheumatic fever is Beta hemolytic streptococci group A.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F

Apical impulse is the visible, palpable, pushing force against the chest wall that is caused by left ventricular contraction and is associated with the SI sound.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F

Cor pulmonale is a pulmonary pathology due to heart failure.

A

FALSE

**respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F

In angina pectoris there is an elevation of serum specific enzymes.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F

Rheumatic heart may lead most often to mitral valve lesions.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F

Mitral stenosis may lead to pulmonary congestion.

A

TRUE

**and Left atrial hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F

The character of a cardiac (coronary) pain is usually stabbing.

A

FLASE

**crushing, heavy, constrict, congested, elephant sitting on chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F

Under normal condition the valves of the heart open silently and they close with a sound.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F

Chest pain that is exacerbated by exercise and is relieved by rest is most likely due to coronary ischemia.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T/F

Palpitations means awareness of the heart beats.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

All are true concerning vital signs except:

  • blood pressure is 120/80
  • pulse pressure is 60 to 90 normally 72
  • respiratory rate is 12 to 20
  • temperature is 98.6F
  • all are correct
A

pulse pressure is 60 to 90, normally 72

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

10 yo girl presents with a 4day history of pain in the knees, hips, shoulders, and wrists. The joints are not swollen, red or tender. Her temperature is 102F. Her mother states that her daughter’s only recent illness was a sore throat 1 month ago. Auscultation of the chest reveals an apical systolic murmur. Which is true?

  • She may be suffering from rheumatic fever
  • She could be suffering form rheumatic arthritis
  • Aortic valve is the most common valve involved in this problem
  • GI manifestation is common complication of this problem
A

She may be suffering from rheumatic fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Aortic valve stenosis may lead to ______ enlargement.

  • R atrium
  • L atrium
  • R ventricle
  • L ventricle
A

Left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Night fever and night sweats are characteristics of:

  • TB
  • pneumonia
  • bronchial asthma
  • emphysema
A

TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which of the following is associated with hemoptysis?

  • bronchial asthma
  • acute bronchitis
  • TB
  • peptic ulcer
A

TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pleurisy is most likely causing which type of pain?

  • crushing
  • stabbing
  • burning
  • radiating
A

stabbing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The most significant fault is the Tetrology of Fallot that causes cyanosis at birth is:

  • pulmonary stenosis
  • aortic valve over ridding on both ventricles
  • atrial septal defect
  • right ventricular hypertrophy
A

aortic valve over ridding on both ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Myocardial infarction can be differentiated from angina pectoris based on the ____ of the pain.

  • location
  • duration
  • intensity
  • character
A

duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

All of the following are associated with bronchial asthma except:

  • flaring of the alae
  • chest wheezing
  • tachypenia
  • increased respiratory excursion
A

increased respiratory excursion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

60 yo male with chest and mid thoracic pain reveals clubbing of the fingernails, cyanosis of the lips and oral mucosa, and hypertrophy of both SCM muscles. Based on this info, the most commonly involved system is the _____ system.

  • vascular
  • respiratory
  • cardiac
  • endocrine
A

respiratory

26
Q

Which of the following blood changes usually accompany emphysema:

  • increased RBC number
  • increased WBC number
  • increased platelets number
  • pancytopenia
A

increased RBC number

27
Q

Precordial heaving is a sign associated with which of the following?

  • cor pulmonale
  • systemic hypertension
  • TB
  • bronchial asthma
A

cor pulmonale

28
Q

While taking x-rays, which of the following pathologies necessitates a reduction in exposure technique?

  • acromegaly
  • obesity
  • pleural effusion
  • emphysema
A

emphysema

29
Q

Which of the 5 percussive notes is the only one that is pathological?

  • tympanic
  • resonant
  • hyper resonant
  • dull
  • flat
A

hyper resonant

30
Q

Cor pulmonale is:

  • pulmonary pathology due to heart failure
  • right ventricular failure / hypertrophy in response to pulmonary pathology
  • bilateral ventricular enlargement due to pulmonary pathology
  • a congenital cyanotic heart disease
A

right ventricular failure / hypertrophy in response to pulmonary pathology

31
Q

OPQRST falls under which major patient history category

  • family history
  • past medical history
  • present problem
  • social history
A

present problem

32
Q

The proper protocol for physical exam is inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation, except for the:

  • heart
  • lung
  • abdomen
A

abdomen

33
Q

56 yo male presents with acute chest pain. The condition started 1 week ago, no trauma, and steady course. The pain is rated 7/10, retrosternal and the front chest area and the left sternal margin. Patient is a smoker for 25 years 1 pack a day. The pain is associated with a cough productive associated with mucoprulent sputum that started 1 week ago. Most appropriate clinical impression?

  • asthma
  • angina
  • costochondritis
  • myocardial infarction
  • pneumonia
A

pneumonia

** increased temp, also with tonsilitis and nephritis

34
Q

Which of the following skin tumors have the least tendency to metastasize?

  • melanoma
  • Kaposi sarcoma
  • rodent ulcer
  • squamous cell carcinoma
A

rodent ulcer

  • melanoma: matastasize in blood
  • Kaposi sarcoma: AIDS/HIV immunocompromised
  • rodent ulcer
  • squamous cell carcinoma: metastasize in lymph
35
Q

All are true regarding percussion except:

  • the heart and liver are dull
  • normal lung tissue is resonant
  • gastric air bubble is tympanic
  • all statements are true
A

all statements are true

36
Q

All of the following usually accompany emphysema except: (pick 2)

  • clubbing of the fingernails
  • hyper resonant upon percussion
  • decreased RBC
  • decreased residual volume
A
  • decreased RBC

- decreased residual volume

37
Q

Structural abnormalities of the chest may be associated with:

  • pneumonia
  • asthma
  • bronchial asthma
  • emphysema
A

emphysema

38
Q

With respect to the chief complaint, the O stands for:

  • how did the condition start?
  • what makes it better/worse?
  • where is the pain?
  • is the pain an electric shock type pain, muscle ache, etc?
A

how did the condition start?

39
Q

The classic sequence of a case history is:

  • chief complaint, past medical history, present illness
  • chief complaint, present illness, past medical history
  • present illness, chief complaint, past medical history
  • chief complaint, social history, past medical history
A

chief complaint, present illness, past medical history

40
Q

63 yo male presents with shortness of breath, productive cough with small amounts of blood in the sputum. The condition occurs intermittently through the last several months. These symptoms are suggestive of: (pick 2)

  • emphysema
  • TB
  • bronchogenic carcinoma
  • asthmatic bronchitis
  • pneumonia
A

TB and bronchogenic carcinoma

41
Q

For central cyanosis to occur there must be a blood shunt in which of the following directions?

  • R ventricle to L ventricle
  • L ventricle to R ventricle
  • both
  • none
A

R ventricle to L ventricle

42
Q

Erb’s point for cardiac auscultation is located in the:

  • 2nd intercostal, L of sternum
  • 2nd intercostal, R of sternum
  • 3rd intercostal, L of sternum
  • 4th intercostal, L of sternum
  • 5th intercostal, L of sternum
A

3rd intercostal, L of sternum

43
Q

Positive egonophy, bronchophony, and whispered pectoriloquy during auscultation of the lung indicate:

  • asthma
  • emphysema
  • lung consolidation
  • pleurisy
A

lung consolidation

44
Q

The sound that is normally heard over the periphery of the lung during auscultation of an asthmatic patient is:

  • bronchial
  • bronchovesicular
  • vesicular
  • localized wheezing
  • generalized wheezing
A

generalized wheezing

** entire bronchial tree is in spasm

45
Q

The part of the heart that make up most of the anterior surface is:

  • R ventricle
  • L ventricle
  • R atrium
  • L atrium
A

R ventricle

46
Q

For central cyanosis to occur there must be a blood shunt in which of the following directions?

  • R ventricle to L ventricle
  • L ventricle to R ventricle
A

R ventricle to L ventricle

47
Q

Which of the following valvular lesions can cause a drop attack (blackout)?

  • mitral stenosis
  • aortic stenosis
  • tricuspid stenosis
  • pulmonic stenosis
A

aortic stenosis

48
Q

Ruptured spleen that is compensated with hypotension and tachycardia is categorized under which of the following reflexes?

  • viscero-somatic
  • somato-visceral
  • viscero-visceral
  • somato-somatic
A

viscero-visceral

49
Q

T/F

Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital heart defect

A

TRUE

50
Q

T/F

Ventricular septal defect may cause cyanosis at birth

A

TRUE

51
Q

T/F

Ventricular septal defect 70% of cases close spontaneously within 2 years

A

TRUE

52
Q

T/F

Ventricular septal defect is responsible for the majority of infantile morbidity

A

TRUE

53
Q

T/F

Cardiac apex beat is normally located at the mid axillary line

A

FALSE

** mid clavicular

54
Q

T/F

Cardiac apex beat is formed by L ventricular contraction

A

TRUE

55
Q

T/F

Precordial heaving is associated with Left ventricular contraction

A

FLASE

** Right ventricular contraction

56
Q

T/F

The apex beat is normally located at the 5th intercostal space

A

TRUE

57
Q

T/F

The superficial mass will be less palpable upon abdominal crunch

A

FLASE

** more palpable

58
Q

T/F

The gallbladder is examined by palpation at the mid axillary line

A

FLASE

**mid clavicular

59
Q

T/F

The abdominal aorta is palpated above and right of the umbilicus

A

FLASE

**left

60
Q

T/F

Rebound tenderness indicated nephritis

A

FLASE

** peritonitis

Visceral CLET (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions