Issue 1 Essay : Reasons for Growth in Tensions in Ireland

Question 1

Historical COntext 1

Answer 1

Endured Fractious Relationship
great famine 1840s
emigrate and dying

Question 2

Historical context 2

Answer 2

Home rule bills of 1890s also caused tensions

Question 3

What are the factors

Answer 3

Irish cultural revival
Re-emergence of republicanism
Religious and Economic Differences
Role of John Redmond and Nationalist Party
Response of Unionists and Nationalists to the Home Rule Bill

Question 4

Irish Cultural Revival Knowledge

Answer 4

W.B Yates
-culture disappearing
-reestablish a strong Irish culture
-gaelic league and writing societies

1884 the Gaelic Athletic Association
-preservation and cultivation for national pastimes
-Gaelic Football and Hurling.

Question 5

Irish Cultural Revival Analysis

Answer 5

Sense of Irishness
-challenge to British Culture and Rule

Question 6

Irish Cultural Revival Analysis +

Answer 6

not lead to a desire to remove
-enjoy a combination of both cultures

Question 7

Re-emergence of Republicanism knowledge

Answer 7

Sinn Fein Aurthur Griffith 1904
-batb, set up own parliament
-lead to collapse

he Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB)
(thomas Clarke)
-recruit young men to support leave

Question 8

Re-emergence of Republicanism Analysis

Answer 8

Political party and group openly anti-British
-alarmed Britain and Ulster as it threatened Union

Question 9

Re-emergence of Republicanism Analysis +

Answer 9

very little support
-restricted to underground element
-many wanted to maintain relationship

Question 10

Economic and Religious differences knowledge

Answer 10

Ulster was mainly protestant (56%)
southern provinces were predominantly catholic (90%).

Ulster was the most industrialised
-benefitted from empire
South was more agricultural
-didn’t depend on empire as much

Question 11

Economic and Religious differences Analysis

Answer 11

Home rule= parliament in Dublin
-put trade barriers on ulster and Britain, lose economic power
-worried Catholicism would dominate northern life

Question 12

Economic and Religious differences Analysis +

Answer 12

Always existed
-1910 general election reignited divide
-home rule put on P.A
-inevitability of Home Rule = tensions

Question 13

Economic and Religious differences Evaluation

Answer 13

Home Rule is Rome Rule
-fear
-too much power handed to catholic population at expense of protestants
-only as a result of 1910 did fear become imminent threat

Question 14

Role of John Redmond Knowledge

Answer 14

1908, Asquith (Pro HR) replaced Campbell-Bannerman as Prime Minister.
-1910 liberals and IPP made coalition if HR was passed

IPP consistently strong
-reflected spport for HR

Question 15

Role of John Redmond Analysis

Answer 15

Allowed HR on political agenda
-gave IPP real power and influence in British politics
-angered unionists

Question 16

Role of John Redmond Analysis +

Answer 16

catalyst for violent tactics in Irish politics
-Creation of UVF and IVF
-election forced many to act on tensions

Question 17

Role of John Redmond Evaluation

Answer 17

Historian O’Day argues that in Ireland, in particular Catholic areas in southern Ireland had “more political representation than her population justified”
-significant strength in the House of commons.
-Unionists in the North voiceless in parliament
-forced Unionists to use violence

Question 18

Unionists and Nationalist Reaction Knowledge

Answer 18

Unionists were enraged by the Home Rule Bill
-E. Carson rallied 250,000 to sign opposition
-Ulster Solemn League and Covenant in Belfast

1912 third hR crisis Ulster Covenant Council established UVF
-IVF established in response

Question 19

Unionists and Nationalist Reaction Analysis

Answer 19

Openly willing to use violence to achieve respective goals
-UVF any means necessary

Question 20

Unionists and Nationalist Reaction Analysis +

Answer 20

both sides of the political divide were becoming retaliatory in their actions
-result of 1910
-ulster powerless