Issues and Debates Flashcards
What is an Alpha bias?
An Alpha Bias is a tendency to exaggerate differences between men and women. This leads to theories devaluing one gender against the other.
What is Androcentrism?
This is when a study is focused or centered on men.
What is a Beta bias?
This is the opposite of Alpha bias as it tends to minimise differences between men and women. Beta bias studies tend to try and generalize findings from male based studies to women.`
What is Gender Bias?
This is the differential treatment of men and women based on stereotypes rather than real differences.
What is universality?
Universality is the aim to develop theories that apply to everyone.
What is Cultural bias?
Cultural Bias is the tendency to judge people in terms of your own cultural assumptions. this distorts your judgement.
What is Cultural relativism?
Cultural relativism is the view that behaviour cannot be judged properly unless it is viewed in the context of the culture that it originates.
What is a culture?
A culture is the rules, customs, morals and the ways of interacting that bind together members of a society or some collection of people.
What is determinism?
Determinism is the theory that behaviour is controlled by external or internal factors acting upon the individual.
What is Free will?
Free will states that each individual has the power to make choices about their behaviour.
What’s the difference between nature and nurture?
Nature is that behaviour is seen as a product of innate factors.
Nurture states that behaviour is a consequence of environmental influences.
Whats the interactionist approach?
The interactionist approach references to the nature nurture debate, and is the view that both nature and nurture work together instead of in opposition.
What is Holism?
Holism is perceiving the whole experience rather than the individual features and/or the relations between them.
What is Reductionism?
Reductionism is an approach that breaks complex phenomena into more simple components.
What is the idiographic approach?
This focuses on Individuals and emphasizes uniqueness.
