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Geography Human > Japan > Flashcards

Japan Flashcards

1
Q

Japan is one of the worlds _____ populations with one of the ______ birth and fertility rates.

A

Japan is one of the worlds OLDEST populations with one of the LOWEST birth and fertility rates.

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2
Q

What was the total population of Japan in 2019?

A

126.3 million

11th largest globally

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3
Q

What was the population density of Japan in 2019?

A

347 per km2

This is an average and does not reflect the stark contrast in density between urban areas and rural mountainous areas.

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4
Q

What percentage of the and in Japan is mountainous?

A

70%

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5
Q

What percentage of the population live in urban areas such as Tokyo and Osaka?

A

92%

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6
Q

What is the climate like in most major cities?

A

temperate to subtropic and consists of 4 seasons.

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7
Q

What is the gross national income per person in Japan?

A

$41,690 per annum

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8
Q

What stage is Japan in on the demographic transition model?

A

Stage 5

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9
Q

How much is Japans population predicted to drop by 2050?

A

It will decline by 20% to around 100 million

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10
Q

How much is Japans population predicted to drop by 2100?

A

it will decline by a 3rd of its current size to 85 million.

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11
Q

What is the average life expectancy in Japan?

A

85

One of the highest in the world

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12
Q

In 2019 how much of the population was over 65s?

A

28%

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13
Q

How many centenarians are there?

(People aged 100 or over)

A

More than 71,000

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14
Q

What are young dependants?

A

People aged up to 14

Before the working age

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15
Q

What is the percentage of young dependants that make up the population in Japan?

A

12.5%

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16
Q

What is the percentage of economically active people in the Japanese population?

A

59.5%

17
Q

What is a demographic time bomb?

A

Where the population decline means that there are not enough young people to replace the older population who are dying out.

18
Q

What factors are causing people n Japan to live for so long?

A
  • Excellent health care
  • Excellent sanitation
  • High living standards
19
Q

What aspects of Japanese affects

A
20
Q

What percentage of Japans population will be over 65 by 2050?

A

40%

21
Q

Why do women have less children in Japan?

A

Focus more on careers due to better education causing them to have less time for children and family.

Later marriages cause the childbearing window to be shorter.

Contraception is accessible and widely used.

Cost of education is rising but wages ares still - high school + uni can cost up to $100,000 or ¥10,000,000.

22
Q

Negative consiquences of ageing population:

A
  • Sell more adult nappies for old people than ones for children.
  • Domestic economy is shrinking.
  • 10% of GDP is used to pay pensions.
  • 21% on health and social security for the elderly.
  • The 2025 problem = all the post war babys will have turned 75 causing social security benefits to rise.
  • Since the 1960s retirees pay only a small part of their medical care, the rest of which is covered by national insurance, which will struggle in the future due to lack of people paying into it.
  • 65% of elderly live with their children and 3 generational households are typical.
  • By 2025 they will be short 320,000 medical staff.
23
Q

What is the community care causing?

A

emerging voluntary sector to look after old people but many of these volunteers are over 65.

24
Q

How many Japanese live on their own?

A

An estimate of nearly 6 million Japanese people on their own with no family support.

25
Q

What are the poor quality homes and care causing?

A

Increasing elderly living on the streets due to lack of money or getting themselves arrested/re-offending due to prison having better care for free.

26
Q

How many elderly will have dementia by 2025?

A

1 in 5 due to cases of dementia rising.

27
Q

What are most elderly doing to make up their income?

A

Returning to work

25 percent of over 65s have jobs

28
Q

Positive consequences of ageing consequenses:

A
  • TNCs, toyota and sony support domestic economy
  • Increasing private healthcare which is creating jobs and helping the affluent elderly.
  • Increasing demand for leisure activities and tourist amongst the affluent elderly and tourists, which also creates jobs.
  • One of the most positive features specific to Japan is embracing the world of AI.
    E.g. pets and companions for elderly as well as robot carers.
    Only the Affluent can afford it currently although costs are likely to drop due to being so widely used.
    Worth 2 billion to the economy currently.

Geography Human (9 decks)

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