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Gross Review > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Joint articulation

A

a point where two bones are in contact

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2
Q

Synarthrosis

A

a joint that does not move

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3
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

a joint that only moves slightly

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4
Q

Diarthrosis

A

a freely moveable joint; a synovial joint

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5
Q

Fibrous joint and its classification

A

held together by fibrous connective tissue
no synovial cavity
Classification: synarthrosis or amphiarthrosis

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6
Q

Cartilaginous joint and its classification

A

held together by cartilage
no synovial cavity
Classification: synarthrosis or amphiarthrosis

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7
Q

Synovial joint and its classification

A

held together by dense irregular connective tissue
has a synovial cavity
Classification: diarthrosis

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8
Q

Types of Fibrous Joints

A

Suture, syndesmoses, gomphosis

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9
Q

Suture (joint)

A

irregular joint held together by dense fibrous connective tissue
Synarthrosis
Fibrous joint
ex: flat bones of skull

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10
Q

Syndesmoses (joint)

A

held together with bundles (ligaments) or sheets (interosseous membrane) of fibrous connective tissue
Amphiarthrosis
Fibrous joint
ex: tibia and fibula

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11
Q

Gomphosis (joint)

A

joints between the roots of the teeth and alveoli of jaws
holds teeth in sockets with peridontal ligament by attaching to cementum outer layer of root dentin
Synarthrosis
Fibrous joint

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12
Q

Types of Cartilaginous Joints

A

synchondrosis, symphyses

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13
Q

Synchondrosis (joint)

A

Connects bones by hyaline cartilage
Synarthrosis
Cartilaginous joint
ex: epiphyseal plate of growing long bones; joint between 1st rib and manubrium

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14
Q

Symphyses (joint)

A

Connects bones by pad of fibrocartilage
Amphiarthrosis
Cartilaginous joint
ex: pubic symphysis

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15
Q

Synovial joint

A

Diarthrosis

Contains a synovial joint cavity (gap) and joint surfaces of bones are covered with articular cartilage

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16
Q

Parts of a synovial joint

A 
Synovial joint cavity
articular cartilage
articular capsule
synovial fluid
accessory ligaments
17
Q

Functions of articular cartilage

A

reduce friction between bones

shock absorbtion

18
Q

Labrum

A

edge of cartilage that forms part of the socket of a ball and socket joint

19
Q

Articular capsule functions

A

hold bones together
forms synovial cavity
produce synovial fluid
joint sensation (proprioception)

20
Q

Accessory ligaments

A

do not form part of the capsule, may contain accessory pads of fibrocartilage which lie between articular discs or menisci
extracapsular ligaments
intracapsular ligaments

21
Q

Extracapsular ligament

A

lie outside the capsule

ex: collateral ligaments of knee joint

22
Q

Intracapsular ligament

A

lie inside the synovial cavity and are not part of the capsule
ex: cruciate ligaments of the knee joint

23
Q

Articular discs/menisci

A

articular surfaces which function to absorb additional shock and increase joint stability by providing a tighter fit between bones

24
Q

What does proprioception do

A

detect movement and positioning

25
Q

Bursae

A

a fluid filled sac located in the area of a joint which acts as a cusion between skin, tendon, muscle, ligaments; and bone

26
Q

Tendon sheath

A

a fluid filled tube surrounding tendons where they pass through a synovial joint
ex: biceps tendon through shoulder joint

27
Q

Types of synovial joints

A 
Planar (gliding)
Hinge
Pivot
Condyloid
Saddle
Ball and socket
28
Q

Planar (gliding) joints

A

flat or slightly curved
Move side to side and back and forth
ex: intercarpal, sternoclavicular

29
Q

Hinge joints

A

Two convex surface projections fitting into two concave surface depressions
Move in an angular motion in a single direction (flx/ext)
ex: knee, ankle, elbow

30
Q

Pivot joints

A

process of one bone through the ring of another bone
Allows rotation around the process
ex: radius to ulna

31
Q

Condyloid joints

A

oval shaped end of one bone fits into oval cavity of another bone
angular motion in two directions
ex: wrist, metacarpophalangeal joints

32
Q

Saddle joints

A

Shaped like a saddle and rider (from waist down)
angular motion in two directions
ex: trapezium to 1st metacarpal

33
Q

Ball & Socket joints

A

shaped like a ball (head) in a cup (cavity)
angular motion in three directions
ex: shoulder, hip

34
Q

pros and cons of a synovial joint

A

high mobility

low stability

35
Q

where does synovial fluid and CSF come from?

A

from filtered blood plasma

36
Q

where does eversion/inversion occur at the ankle?

A

intertarsal joints

37
Q

T/F: joint and articulation are synonymous

A

False, articulation is between 2 bones, joint is the name of the overall structure

Gross Review (2 decks)

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