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Question 1

Pronephroi

Answer 1

early primitive kidney,

ducts open to cloaca

Question 2

Mesonephroi

Answer 2

late 4th week
interim kidney
pronphric ducts open to tubules,
tubules degenerate and become the efferent ducts of testes

Question 3

Metanephroi

Answer 3

permanent kidney,
late 5th week,
metanephric diverticulum (ureters, collecting tubules–>glomeruli, LOH= nephron)

Question 4

LOH, Tubules, Glomerulus =

Answer 4

nephron

Question 5

when do glomeruli increase

Answer 5

10-18 weeks

Question 6

full complement of glomeruli happens when

Answer 6

32 weeks

Question 7

lobes disappear as….

Answer 7

glomeruli increase

Question 8

glomerular filtration begins when?

Answer 8

9weeks

Question 9

glomerular filtration and function increase when?

Answer 9

at birth

Question 10

what causes the kidneys to move from pelvis to abdomen?

Answer 10

growth of abdomen

Question 11

when do kidneys reach their adult position

Answer 11

9th week

Question 12

kidneys receive blood from distal end ______.

Answer 12

aorta

Question 13

kidneys move and rotate by

Answer 13

90 degrees

Question 14

kidneys are the only organ that is retroperitoneal (true or false)

Answer 14

true

Question 15

where is the kidneys final destination?

Answer 15

posterior wall of abdomen

Question 16

Initially the kidneys are supplied by

Answer 16

nearby vessels

Question 17

renal arteries branch off

Answer 17

common iliac arteries

Question 18

Which renal artery is longer and more superior?

Answer 18

Right Renal Artery

Question 19

Glomeruli develop at the proximal end ______

Answer 19

of tubules!

Question 20

Accessory renal arteries arise from

Answer 20

aorta and are attached to kidney

Question 21

Renal Agenesis

Answer 21

males more than females
left kidney is absent
not symptomatic
RIGHT KIDNEY HYPERTROPHY

Question 22

Unilateral renal agenesis is suspect when

Answer 22

one umbilical artery is present

Question 23

Bilateral Renal Agenesis

Answer 23

OLIGO
incompatible with life
cause: uteric buds dont develop
POTTER SYNDROME

Question 24

Malrotated kidney

Answer 24

maintains embryonic position

Question 25

Ectopic Kidney

Answer 25

pelvic kidney

Question 26

Horseshoe kidney

Answer 26

poles are fused
cannot ascend
held in place by mesenteric artery
collecting system is normal

Question 27

Polycystic Kidney

Answer 27

autosomal recessive
small cysts
incompatible with life unless treated with dialysis

Question 28

mylticystic dysplastic kidney

Answer 28

good outcome if unilateral
fewer and smaller cysts than polycystic
wide dilations of LOH /nephron

Question 29

bladder comes from

Answer 29

urogenital sinus

Question 30

bladder is initially continuous with

Answer 30

allantois

Question 31

allantois thickens and becomes the

Answer 31

urachus

Question 32

trigone

Answer 32

smooth triangular region, stretches and signals brain to pee

Question 33

With extrophy of bladder what is exposed

Answer 33

trigone and uteric orifices

Question 34

what produces angiotensinogen

Answer 34

liver

Question 35

what stimulates the release of renin by kidney?

Answer 35

renal artery hypotension and decreased sodium in distal tubules

Question 36

renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen to yield

Answer 36

ANGIOTENSIN

Question 37

angiotensin I is cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme to yield

Answer 37

ANG II

Question 38

angiotensin II acts on I receptors to stimulate

Answer 38

vasoncontriction

Question 39

Renal growth factor

Answer 39

ANG II