Katherine Understanding Health Behaviour using Cognitive Models Flashcards
Health Belief Model (Rosenstock 1966)
Behaviour is a result of a set of core beliefs, as a result of perceptions of:
Susceptibility to illness Severity of illness Costs of carrying out the behaviour Benefits of carrying out the behaviour Cues to action
Deshpande et al (2009) HBM
Applied the heath belief model to predict the likelihood of healthy eating among 194 University students. Data strongly supported the HBM.
Vassallo et al (2009) HBM
Used the Health Belief Model to predict willingness to use functional breads, across four European countries.
HBM fit was similar across the countries and products in terms of significant predictors (the perceived benefits, barriers and health motivation).
What is Theory of Reasoned Action (Fishbein, 1967)
· Assumes actions arise from reasoned (deliberate/conscious) choices
· Behaviour is a function of Behavioural Intentions (BI)
· Attitudes predict intentions
·Considers role for society, Friends, family, partners & peers
Theory of Planned Behaviour (Ajzen, 1985).
Extension of the TRA looking at internal and external factors
Richardson (1993) TRA
tested TRA for red meat consumption, attitudes most highly correlated with behaviour and was considered the most important factor.
Bogers et al (2004) TPB
used TPB to predict fruit and veg consumption – 46% variance predicted. Intentions predicted by attitudes, norms and perceived behavioural control & consumption predicted by intentions and perceived behavioural control.
McCarthy, et al (2004) TRA
found for poultry consumption 15% was explained by subjective norm (TRA)
Astrom and Rise (2001) TPB
used TPB to predict intention eat fruit and veg. Found 52% of variance predicted by attitudes, (norms) and perceived behavioural control.
Application
Berg et al (2000) TPB
used TPB to understand milk and bread choice in 1730 Swedish school children. Predicted by intention, predicted by attitudes, norms and perceived behavioural control.
Considerable impact of descriptive norms (child’s perceived behaviour of the parents).
NOT a factor of Theory of Planned Behaviour or Theory of Reasoned Action
Collins 2011 TPB
Intention predicted 13% of the variance in F&V consumption, and 29% for snacking. ► Over 70% of variance remains unaccounted for by the TPB model.
Conner & Armitage 2006 Additional Research beyond TRA & TPB
found evidence to support the addition of 6 variables
belief salience measures, past behavior/habit, perceived behavioral control (PBC) vs. self‐efficacy, moral norms, self‐identity, and affective beliefs.
Messina, et al (2004) TPB
Used TPB to predict consumption of sugar-free products in Italian adolescents. Found no significant associations.
Transtheoretical model (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1982)
Precontemplation - no awareness of any problems, no intention to change behaviour
Contemplation - awareness of problems, considering change, no commitment to act
Preparation - firm intention, begining to make change
Action - changing behaviour in order to overcome the problem
Maintenance - sustaining the change, consolidation of gains made during action, preventing relapse
Relapse – regression to earlier stages and behaviours
Richards et al (2006) TT Model
University based intervention based on Transtheoretical Model:
Stages of change letter, 4 stage-based informational newsletters, 1 motivational interviewing sessions and 2 email contacts.
Intervention resulted in increase in FV 0.9 portions a day’s/ control – no change
Di Noia et al (2008) TT Model
Computer mediated intervention tailored on the transtheoretical model stages and processes of change increases fruit and veg.
Computer programme – 4 x 30 min sessions based on stages of change
Intervention resulted in increase in FV 0.9 portions a day, control no change
For How Long? Can be time consuming? May be hard if participants do not follow up on studies.
