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Kenetics > Kenetics 1 > Flashcards

Kenetics 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is average rate

A

Change in concentration over time

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2
Q

What is the difference between average rate and instantaneous rate

A

Instantaneous is when change in t is v small therefore use the derivative

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3
Q

What is rate of reaction

A

Derivative of conc wrt to time

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4
Q

How does stoichiometry effect the rate equation

A

1/stoichiometry derivative

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5
Q

What does a rate equation include

A

K rate Constant

Only reactants

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6
Q

What is an elementary and bulk reaction

A

Elementary is on atomic level bulk is overall

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7
Q

What is overall order

A

The sum of the powers in rate equation

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8
Q

What are the 3 methods for determining rate equation

A

Experimental
Excess and initial
Calculation
Integration

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9
Q

How does the excess method work

A

You assume the concentration of one reactant is constant and therefore obtain a pseudo rate constant

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10
Q

How does initial rates method work

A

Find values for rate at different concentrations at t=0 then by either inspection or plot determine k.

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11
Q

What graph of initial rates can determine reaction order

A

Log (conc) vs log(r0) - gradient is equal to reaction order

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12
Q

What graph is linear for first order

A

Ln(conc) vs t

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13
Q

What graph is linear for 2nd order

A

1/conc vs t

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14
Q

What graph is linear for zero order

A

Conc vs time

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15
Q

Which line lies above in the conc vs time

A

Second

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16
Q

What is half life

A

Time for conc of reactants to halve

17
Q

What is life time

A

Time for reactant conc to decrease to 1/e

18
Q

What is the Arrhenius equation and what does is show

A

k=Ae^-ea/rt

Temperature dependence

19
Q

What graph is plotted for temperature dependence

A

Ln k vs 1/T

20
Q

How can you predict k’ for a varied T

A

LnK’ = lnk-ea/r(1/t’-1/t)

21
Q

What does collision theory take into account

A

Collision frequency - correct orientation and sufficient energy

22
Q

Explain negative temperature dependence

A

If the reaction is reversible the backwards may be more favoured at higher T

23
Q

What are the general requirements for experimental techniques

A

Initiation conc and time

24
Q

Methods for initiation

A

Slow - well mixed
Fast - continuous flow
Photolysis

25
Q

What must timing be

A

Sufficiently precise

26
Q

Methods for measuring conc

A

Mercury, capillary, titre, conductivity, mass spec, chromatography,
Beer lambert and fluorescence

Kenetics (2 decks)

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