Mapping Cameras

Question 1

Systems for acquiring _____? rely on the basic components common to the familiar handheld cameras we all have used for everyday photography. These systems include:

Answer 1

Lens
Light-sensitive surface
Shutter
Camera body

Question 2

System; to gather light to form an image

Answer 2

Lens

Question 3

System; To record the image

Answer 3

Light-sensitive surface

Question 4

System; Controls entry of light

Answer 4

Shutter

Question 5

System; A light-tight enclosure that holds the other components together in their correct positions

Answer 5

Camera Body

Question 6

Aerial Cameras (Analog) include these components in a structure that differs from that encountered in our everyday experience with cameras:

Answer 6

Film Magazine
Drive Mechanism
Lens Cone

Question 7

Whereas other cameras may have been designed to acquire images (for example) of very large areas or under unfavorable operational conditions, the design of the ______? is optimized to acquire high-quality imagery of high positional fidelity; it is the ______? that forms the current standard for aerial photography.

Answer 7

Metric Camera

Question 8

A ______? design differs from an analog camera because the image is captured by digital technology, _____? do not require the film and the complex mechanisms for manipulating the film.

Answer 8

Digital Camera

Question 9

The _____? gathers reflected light and focuses it on the focal plane to form an image. In its simplest form, a _____? is a glass disk carefully ground into a shape with nonparallel curved surfaces

Answer 9

Lens

Question 10

The change in optical densities as light rays pass from the atmosphere to the lens and back to the atmosphere causes _____? of light rays

Answer 10

Refraction

Question 11

Optical characteristics of lenses are determined largely by the _________? and the ______?

Answer 11

Refractive index of the glass, The degree of curvature

Question 12

Imperfections in lens shape contribute to _______?, a source of error that distorts images and causes loss of image clarity.

Answer 12

Spherical Aberration

Question 13

Most aerial cameras use ________?, formed from many separate lenses of varied sizes, shapes, and optical properties.

Answer 13

Compound Lenses

Question 14

The ______? joins the centers of curvature of the two sides of the lens.

Answer 14

Optical Axis

Question 15

Although refraction occurs throughout a lens, a plane passing through the center of the lens, known as the ________?, is considered to be the _______? within the lens cameras.

Answer 15

Image Principal Plane, Center of Refraction

Question 16

The image principal plane intersects the optical axis at the ________?

Answer 16

Nodal Point

Question 17

Parallel light rays reflected from an object at a great distance (at an “infinite” distance) pass through the lens and are brought to focus at the principal _____? — the point at which the lens forms an image of the distant object.

Answer 17

Focal Point

Question 18

The ______? passes through the nodal point without changing direction; the paths of all other rays are deflected by the lens.

Answer 18

Chief Ray

Question 19

A plane passing through the focal point parallel to the image principal plane is known as the _______?

Answer 19

Focal Plane

Question 20

In a simple positive lens, the ______? is defined as the distance from the center of the lens to the focal point, usually measured in inches or millimeters.

Answer 20

Focal Length

Question 21

For a given lens, the focal length is not identical for all wavelengths.
E.g. blue light brought to a focal point with a shorter distance than red light.
This effect is the source of ______?

Answer 21

Chromatic Aberration

Question 22

The field of view of a lens can be controlled by a ____?, a mask positioned just in front of the focal plane.

Answer 22

Field Stop

Question 23

An _______? is usually positioned near the center of a compound lens; it consists of a mask with a circular opening of adjustable diameter.

Answer 23

Aperture Stop

Question 24

_____? is measured as the diameter of the adjustable opening that admits light to the camera.

Answer 24

Aperture Size