key terms Flashcards
1
Q
what is salinity
A
-Salinity is the amount of salt (solute) in water (solvent)
2
Q
solvent properties
A
- Water has an enormous ability to dissolve substances because of its polar nature. This allows salts from the land and ocean floor to dissolve.
3
Q
Heat capacity
A
- The ability of water to resist temperature change.
- Water has great resistance to change even a degree, salt water has the same ability but slightly less.
4
Q
Latten heat fusion
A
- water This is the heat required to either melt or form ice.
- how much energy is needed to change the state of matter
5
Q
Latten heat vaporisation
A
- Heat is continually being absorbed into the ocean but they do not get hotter
- This is because hydrogen bonds break allowing water molecules to vaporise into the atmosphere
6
Q
Density
A
- The density of a substance is a mass unit per volume. Mass is measures in grams and volume in cubic centimetres
7
Q
how do you calculate density
A
- Density= mass ÷ volume
8
Q
Viscosity
A
- The resistance of a liquid flowing though or a passing an object
- Water is 800 times denser than air so it strongly resists movement
- E.g. 20C decrease in temp doubles the viscosity
9
Q
Buoyancy
A
- The ability or tendency to float.
10
Q
Water pressure
A
- Pressure increases as you go down in depth
- Every ten metres increases by 1 atmosphere
11
Q
Surface tension
A
- Surface tension is the tendency of a liquid surfaces at rest to shrink to minimum surface area as possible.
12
Q
what is cohesion
A
sticks to itself
13
Q
what is adhesion
A
sticks to other objects
14
Q
Dissolves gasses (4)
A
- Turbulence: more movement of water the more oxygen that can be dissolved
- Temperature: increased temp causes a decrease in the ability to dissolve gas
- Salinity: lower salinity, greater amount of dissolved gas (salt takes up space)
- Pressure: deep water which has a high pressure holds more gas than shallow water.
