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MED TERM CHAPT. 4 > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

-cele

A

Hernia, tumor, swelling

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2
Q

Dys-

A

Bad, difficult, painful

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3
Q

Fasci/o

A

Fascia, fibrous band

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4
Q

Fibr/o

A

Fibrous tissue, fiber

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5
Q

-ia

A

Abnormal condition, disease. Plural of -ium

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6
Q

-ic

A

Pertaining to

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7
Q

Kines/o, kinesi/o

A

Movement

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8
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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9
Q

-plegia

A

Paralysis, stroke

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10
Q

-rrhexis

A

Rupture

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11
Q

Tax/o

A

Coordination, order

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12
Q

Ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

A

Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain

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13
Q

Ton/o

A

Tone, stretching, tension

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14
Q

Tri-

A

Three

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15
Q

Bi-

A

Twice, double, two

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16
Q

Fascia

A

Connective tissue

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17
Q

Myofascial

A

Pertaining to muscle tissue and fascia

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18
Q

Tendon

A

Connective tissue that attaches to muscle

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19
Q

Skeletal muscles

A

Attached to bones. Voluntary and striated muscles

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20
Q

Smooth muscles

A

Located in walls of internal organs. Involuntary muscles, unstriated muscles, and visceral muscles

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21
Q

Muscle innervation

A

Stimulation of a muscle by impulse

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22
Q

Neuromuscular

A

Pertaining to relationship between nerve and muscle

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23
Q

Antagonistic

A

Working in opposition to each other

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24
Q

Contraction

A

Tightening of a muscle

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25
Q

Relaxation

A

When muscle returns to its original form

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26
Q

Abduction

A

Movement of a limb away from midline

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27
Q

Adduction

A

Movement of a limb towards the midline

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28
Q

Duct

A

To lead

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29
Q

-ion

A

Action

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30
Q

Flexion

A

To bend a limb

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31
Q

Extension

A

Straightening out a limb

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32
Q

Hyperextension

A

Extreme or overextension of a limb

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33
Q

Elevation

A

The act of raising or lifting a body part

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34
Q

Depression

A

The act of lowering a body part

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35
Q

Rotation

A

Like you’re swimming

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36
Q

Circumduction

A

Like you’re washing a car

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37
Q

Supination

A

Palm of hand is upward

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38
Q

Pronation

A

Palm of hand is downward

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39
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Bend foot upward

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40
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Bend foot downward

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41
Q

Origin

A

Where muscle begins

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42
Q

Insertion

A

Where the muscle ends

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43
Q

Stern/o

A

Breastbone

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44
Q

Cleid/o

A

Collar bone

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45
Q

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

Helps bend neck and rotate head

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46
Q

Carpi

A

Wrist or wrist bones

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47
Q

Pectoral

A

Relating to chest

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48
Q

Lateralis

A

Toward the side

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49
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Muscle toward outer side of leg

50
Q

Medialis

A

Toward the midline

51
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Muscle toward midline of the leg

52
Q

Oblique

A

Slanted or at an angle

53
Q

Rectus

A

In straight alignment with the vertical axis of body

54
Q

Sphincter

A

Ring like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

55
Q

Transverse

A

Crosswise direction

56
Q

-ceps

A

Head

57
Q

Deltoid muscle

A

Located on shoulder

58
Q

Hamstring group

A

Located at back of upper leg

59
Q

Frontalis

A

Muscle in the forehead

60
Q

Temporalis

A

Muscle moves the lower jaw up and down

61
Q

Masseter

A

One of the strongest muscles in the body, moved lower jaw up to close mouth when chewing

62
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Makes up bulk of chest muscles

63
Q

External oblique

A

Flex and rotate vertebral column. And flex torso and compress abdomen

64
Q

Internal oblique

A

Flex spine, support abdominal contents, help breathe, and rotate spine

65
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Flex trunk, assist in breathing, and support spine

66
Q

Transverse abdominis

A

Located on side of abdomen

67
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Extends leg at knee

68
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

Flex and extend the leg at the knee (made up of four muscles)

69
Q

Hamstring group

A

Involved in knee flexion and hip extension

70
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Calf muscle that flexes the knee and bends the foot downward

71
Q

Chronic fatigue syndrome

A

Affects all body systems

72
Q

Adhesion

A

Band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally. “Frozen shoulder”

73
Q

Atrophy

A

Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures

74
Q

-lysis

A

Destruction, breaking down, set free

75
Q

Sarc/o

A

Flesh

76
Q

-penia

A

Deficiency

77
Q

Ton

A

Tone

78
Q

Atonic

A

Lacking normal muscle tone or strength

79
Q

Dystonia

A

Abnormal muscle tone that causes impairment of voluntary muscle movement

80
Q

Hypotonia

A

Diminished tone of skeletal muscles

81
Q

Tax

A

Coordination

82
Q

A-

A

Without

83
Q

Contracture

A

Permanent tightening

84
Q

Intermittent claudication

A

Pain in leg muscles that occur during exercise

85
Q

Claudication

A

Limping

86
Q

Spasmodic torticollis

A

Stiff neck (“wryneck”)

87
Q

Brady-

A

Slow

88
Q

Clon

A

Violent action

89
Q

Myoclonus

A

Sudden, involuntary jerking of muscle

90
Q

Singultus

A

Hiccups

91
Q

-asthenia

A

Weakness or lack of strength

92
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

Chronic autoimmune disease that affects neuromuscular junction

93
Q

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

A

Most common form of muscular dystrophy in children

94
Q

Becker muscular dystrophy

A

Less severe than duchenne but very similar

95
Q

Compartment syndrome

A

Compression of nerves and blood vessels

96
Q

Overuse injuries

A

Minor tissue injuries that haven’t had time to heal

97
Q

Impingement syndrome

A

When inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in narrow space between bones in shoulder

98
Q

Ganglion swelling

A

Fluid filled swelling that occurs on wrist

99
Q

Epi-

A

On

100
Q

Condyl/o

A

Condyle

101
Q

Condyle

A

Round prominence at end of bone

102
Q

Lateral epicondylitis

A

Tennis elbow

103
Q

Medial epicondylitis

A

Golfers elbow

104
Q

Heel spur

A

Calcium deposit in plantar fascia

105
Q

Sprain

A

Injury to joint

106
Q

Strain

A

Injury to body of muscle or to attachment of tendon

107
Q

Shin splint

A

Caused by muscle tearing away from the tibia

108
Q

Iliotibial band syndrome

A

Overuse injury

109
Q

Incomplete injury

A

Person has some function even though function isn’t normal

110
Q

Complete injury

A

Complete loss of sensation and muscle control

111
Q

-paresis

A

Partial or incomplete paralysis

112
Q

Hemi-

A

Half

113
Q

Electr/o

A

Electricity

114
Q

Antispasmodic

A

Suppress smooth muscle contractions of stomach, intestine, or bladder

115
Q

Neuromuscular blockers

A

Causes temporary paralysis by blocking nerve stimuli to muscles

116
Q

Myofascial release

A

Used to ease pain of fibromyalgia, movement restrictions, TMJ, and carpal tunnel

117
Q

Occupational therapy

A

Promote recovery

118
Q

Physical therapy

A

Restore function

119
Q

RICE

A

Rest, ice, compression, elevation

120
Q

-desis

A

Bind or tie together

MED TERM CHAPT. 4 (1 decks)

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